Integrated Management Systems (IMS) to Support and Sustain Quality One Health Services: International Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic by the IMIA Primary Care Working Group

Jitendra Jonnagaddala; Uy Hoang; Knut-Arne Wensaas; Karen Tu; Angela Ortigoza; Javier Silva-Valencia; María Sofía Cuba-Fuentes; Myron Anthony Godinho; Simon de Lusignan; Siaw-Teng Liaw

doi:10.1055/s-0043-1768725

Yearbook of Medical Informatics, Inhaltsverzeichnis

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Yearb Med Inform 2023; 32(01): 055-064
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1768725

Special Section: Informatics for One Health

Working Group Contributions

Integrated Management Systems (IMS) to Support and Sustain Quality One Health Services: International Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic by the IMIA Primary Care Working Group

Autoren

Jitendra Jonnagaddala^*

¹School of Population Health, UNSW Sydney, Australia
Uy Hoang^*

²Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, UK
Knut-Arne Wensaas

³Norwegian Research Centre (NORCE), Bergen, Norway
Karen Tu

⁴Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Angela Ortigoza

⁴Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Javier Silva-Valencia

⁵Center for Research in Primary Health Care (CINAPS), School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Peru
María Sofía Cuba-Fuentes

⁵Center for Research in Primary Health Care (CINAPS), School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Peru
Myron Anthony Godinho

¹School of Population Health, UNSW Sydney, Australia
Simon de Lusignan^#

²Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, UK
Siaw-Teng Liaw^#

¹School of Population Health, UNSW Sydney, Australia

Abstract

Summary

Objectives: One Health considers human, animal and environment health as a continuum. The COVID-19 pandemic started with the leap of a virus from animals to humans. Integrated management systems (IMS) should provide a coherent management framework, to meet reporting requirements and support care delivery. We report IMS deployment during, and retention post the COVID-19 pandemic, and exemplar One Health use cases.

Methods: Six volunteer members of the International Medical Association’s (IMIA) Primary Care Working Group provided data about any IMS and One Health use to support the COVID-19 pandemic initiatives. We explored how IMS were: (1) Integrated with organisational strategy; (2) Utilised standardised processes, and (3) Met reporting requirements, including public health. Selected contributors provided Unified Modelling Language (UML) use case diagram for a One Health exemplar.

Results: There was weak evidence of synergy between IMS and health system strategy to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there were rapid pragmatic responses to COVID-19, not citing IMS. All health systems implemented IMS to link COVID test results, vaccine uptake and outcomes, particularly mortality and to provide patients access to test results and vaccination certification. Neither proportion of gross domestic product alone, nor vaccine uptake determined outcome. One Health exemplars demonstrated that animal, human and environmental specialists could collaborate.

Conclusions: IMS use improved the pandemic response. However, IMS use was pragmatic rather than utilising an international standard, with some of their benefits lost post-pandemic. Health systems should incorporate IMS that enables One Health approaches as part of their post COVID-19 pandemic preparedness.

Keywords

Primary care - Electronic Health Records - Integrated Advanced Information Management Systems - One Health - Public Health

Volltext

Referenzen

References
1 One Health Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organisation (WHO); 2017 [Accessed Sept 21^st 2017. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/one-health].
2 One Health: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2023 [Accessed April 13^th 2023. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/onehealth/index.html].
3 Suk J, Ciotti M. Towards One Health preparedness. Stockholm, Sweden: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control; 2018 May 2018. [Available from: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/sites/default/files/documents/One-Health-preparedness-24-May-2018.pdf].
4 Schneider M, Munoz-Zanzi C, Min K, Aldighieri S. “One Health” From Concept to Application in the Global World. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Global Public Health [Internet]. 2019 [Accessed April 29^th 2023. Available from: https://oxfordre.com/publichealth/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780190632366.001.0001/acrefore-9780190632366-e-29].
5 The European Union One Health 2020 Zoonoses Report. Stockholm, Sweden: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC); 2021. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2019.5926.
6 Avian influenza Stockholm, Sweden: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC); [Available from: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/avian-influenza].
7 Information on Bird Flu Atlanta, Georgia, USA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); 2023 [updated 10th April 2023. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/flu/avianflu/index.htm.
8 Steele S, Toribio J, Mor S. A vision of a One Health system for Australia: on the need to rethink our health system. Med J Aust 2022;217(9):459-63. doi: 10.5694/mja2.51733.
9 Nagel-Piciorus C, Nagel-Piciorus L, Sârbu R. Milestones in Implementation of an Integrated Management System in the Health Sector. Case Study Radiologische Netzwerk Rheinland. The AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC journal 2016;18(42):432-45.
10 ISO 9001 and related standards, Quality management Geneva, Switzerland: International Organization for Standardization (ISO); [Available from: https://www.iso.org/iso-9001-quality-management.html].
11 ISO/DIS 5477 Health informatics — Interoperability of public health emergency preparedness and response information systems – Business rules, terminology and data vocabulary Geneva, Switzerland: International Organization for Standardization (ISO); [Available from: https://www.iso.org/standard/81303.html].
12 Donabedian A. The quality of care. How can it be assessed? JAMA 1988;260(12):1743-8.
13 Nundy S, Cooper L, Mate K. The Quintuple Aim for Health Care Improvement: A New Imperative to Advance Health Equity. JAMA 2022;327(6):521-2. doi: 10.1001/jama.260.12.1743.
14 Dong E, Du H, Gardner L. An interactive web-based dashboard to track COVID-19 in real time. Lancet Infect Dis 2020;20(5):533-4. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30120-1.
15 Health Expenditure: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); [Available from: https://www.oecd.org/els/health-systems/health-expenditure.htm].
16 Vasileiou E, Shi T, Kerr S, Robertson C, Joy M, Tsang R, et al. Investigating the uptake, effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccines: protocol for an observational study using linked UK national data. BMJ Open 2022;12(2):e050062. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050062.
17 Shrotri M, Krutikov M, Palmer T, Giddings R, Azmi B, Subbarao S, et al. Vaccine effectiveness of the first dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BNT162b2 against SARS-CoV-2 infection in residents of long-term care facilities in England (VIVALDI): a prospective cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis 2021;21(11):1529-38. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00289-9.
18 Yam E. COVID-19 will further exacerbate global antimicrobial resistance. J Travel Med 2020;27(6). doi: 10.1093/jtm/taaa098.
19 Information Management Strategy v2. Association of Ontario Health Centres (AOHC). [Available from: https://www.allianceon.org/sites/default/files/documents/Information%20Management%20Strategy%20v2%202015-2020.docx].
20 Goel V, McGrail K. Modernize the Healthcare System: Stewardship of a Strong Health Data Foundation. Healthc Pap 2022;20(3):61-8. doi: 10.12927/hcpap.2022.26842.
21 Population health data: Australian Government, Department of Health and Aged Care; [Available from: https://www.health.gov.au/topics/preventive-health/population-health-data].
22 Aggarwal M, Katz A, Oandasan I. Current State of Quantitative Data Available for Examining the Work of Family Physicians in Canada. Healthc Policy 2021;17(1):48-57. doi: 10.12927/hcpol.2021.26578.
23 Options for a national One Health antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial usage surveillance system: Allen and Clarke Consulting; 2021 [Accessed Sept 21^st 2021. Available from: https://www.health.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/2022/02/foi_3490_-_document_1_-_interim_report_-_antimicrobial_resistance_surveillance_system_0.pdf].
24 Widdifield J, Eder L, Chen S, Kwong J, Hitchon C, Lacaille D, et al. COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake Among Individuals With Immune-mediated Inflammatory Diseases in Ontario, Canada, Between December 2020 and October 2021: A Population-based Analysis. J Rheumatol 2022;49(5):531-6. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.211148.
25 Grima A, Murison K, Simmons A, Tuite A, Fisman D. Relative Virulence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Among Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Individuals Hospitalized With SARS-CoV-2. Clin Infect Dis 2023;76(3):e409-e15. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac412.
26 Razak F, Shin S, Naylor C, Slutsky A. Canada’s response to the initial 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic: a comparison with peer countries. CMAJ 2022;194(25):E870-e7. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.220316.
27 Dyer O. Covid-19: Canada outperformed comparable nations in pandemic response, study reports. BMJ 2022;377:o1615. doi: 10.1136/bmj.o1615.
28 Shariff S, Richard L, Hwang S, Kwong J, Forchuk C, Dosani N, et al. COVID-19 vaccine coverage and factors associated with vaccine uptake among 23 247 adults with a recent history of homelessness in Ontario, Canada: a population-based cohort study. Lancet Public Health 2022;7(4):e366-e77. doi: 10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00037-8.
29 Parrella A, Dalton C, Pearce R, Litt J, Stocks N. ASPREN surveillance system for influenza-like illness - A comparison with FluTracking and the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System. Aust Fam Physician 2009;38(11):932-6.
30 Pearce C, McLeod A, Patrick J, Ferrigi J, Bainbridge M, Rinehart N, et al. Coding and classifying GP data: the POLAR project. BMJ Health Care Inform 2019;26(1). doi: 10.1136/bmjhci-2019-100009.
31 Pearson S, Pratt N, de Oliveira Costa J, Zoega H, Laba T, Etherton-Beer C, et al. Generating Real-World Evidence on the Quality Use, Benefits and Safety of Medicines in Australia: History, Challenges and a Roadmap for the Future. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021;18(24). doi: 10.3390/ijerph182413345.
32 Ahern S, Evans S, Hopper I, Zalcberg J. Towards a strategy for clinical quality registries in Australia. Aust Health Rev 2019;43(3):284-7. doi: 10.1071/AH17201.
33 Almeida P, Oliveira S, Giovanella L. Network integration and care coordination: the case of Chile’s health system. Cien Saude Colet 2018;23(7):2213-28. doi: 10.1590/1413-81232018237.09622018.
34 de Lusignan S, Leston M, Ikpoh M, Howsam G. Data saves lives: bottom-up, professionally-led endorsement would increase the chance of success. Br J Gen Pract 2022;72(724):512-3. doi: 10.3399/bjgp22X720965.
35 Hawkes N. NHS faces huge challenge to become digitally driven by 2028, a decade later than originally promised. BMJ 2018;361:k1957. doi: 10.1136/bmj.k1957.
36 Dabanch J, González C, Cerda J, Acevedo J, Calvo M, Díaz E, et al. Chile’s National Advisory Committee on Immunization (CAVEI): Evidence-based recommendations for public policy decision-making on vaccines and immunization. Vaccine 2019;37(32):4646-50. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.06.069.
37 Aguilera X, Mundt A, Araos R, Weitzel T. The story behind Chile’s rapid rollout of COVID-19 vaccination. Travel Med Infect Dis 2021;42:102092. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2021.102092.
38 Castillo C, Villalobos Dintrans P, Maddaleno M. The successful COVID-19 vaccine rollout in Chile: Factors and challenges. Vaccine X 2021;9:100114. doi: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2021.100114.
39 Jara A, Undurraga E, González C, Paredes F, Fontecilla T, Jara G, et al. Effectiveness of an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Chile. N Engl J Med 2021;385(10):875-84. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2107715.
40 Moberly T. Ten things you need to know about the Health and Care Bill. BMJ 2022;376:o361. doi: 10.1136/bmj.o361.
41 Joy M, McGagh D, Jones N, Liyanage H, Sherlock J, Parimalanathan V, et al. Reorganisation of primary care for older adults during COVID-19: a cross-sectional database study in the UK. Br J Gen Pract 2020;70(697):e540-e7. doi: 10.3399/bjgp20X710933.
42 de Lusignan S, Dorward J, Correa A, Jones N, Akinyemi O, Amirthalingam G, et al. Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 among patients in the Oxford Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre primary care network: a cross-sectional study. Lancet Infect Dis 2020:S1473-3099(20)30371-6. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30371-6.
43 Elson W, Zambon M, de Lusignan S. Integrated respiratory surveillance after the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet 2022;400(10367):1924-5. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02325-X.
44 Leston M, Elson W, Watson C, Lakhani A, Aspden C, Bankhead C, et al. Representativeness, vaccination uptake and COVID clinical outcomes 2020-21 in the UK’s Oxford-RCGP Research and Surveillance Network: cohort profile. JMIR Preprints 2022:39141. doi: 10.2196/39141.
45 Ryvarden E. The Norwegian health sector should be unified around one IT system. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 2018;138(13). doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0656.
46 Research WHOAfHPaS. Primary health care systems (PRIMASYS): case study from Peru: abridged version. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization (WHO); 2017; [Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/341084].
47 Dyb K, Warth L. The Norwegian National Summary Care Record: a qualitative analysis of doctors’ use of and trust in shared patient information. BMC Health Serv Res 2018;18(1):252. doi: 10.1186/s12913-018-3069-y.
48 Cobos Muñoz D, Sant Fruchtman C, Miki J, Vargas-Herrera J, Woode S, Dake F, et al. The Need to Address Fragmentation and Silos in Mortality Information Systems: The Case of Ghana and Peru. Int J Public Health 2022;67:1604721. doi: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604721.
49 Gravningen K, Nymark P, Wyller T, Kacelnik O. A new automated national register-based surveillance system for outbreaks in long-term care facilities in Norway detected three times more severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) clusters than traditional methods. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2022:1-7. doi: 10.1017/ice.2022.297.
50 Ministerial Resolution No. 905-2020 / MINSA, Ministry of Health, (2020), Health Directive No. 122-MINSA / 2020 / CDC “Health Directive for the Epidemiological Surveillance of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Peru”. Ministerio de Salud; 2020. [Available from: https://www.gob.pe/institucion/minsa/normas-legales/1322786-905-2020-minsa].
51 Zanaboni P, Kummervold P, Sørensen T, Johansen M. Patient Use and Experience With Online Access to Electronic Health Records in Norway: Results From an Online Survey. J Med Internet Res 2020;22(2):e16144. doi: 10.2196/16144.
52 Alarcón-Yaquetto D, de Ferrari A, Málaga G. The road to patient-centred care in Peru: The difficulties and opportunities to achieve participatory health care. Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes 2022;171:113-6. doi: 10.1016/j.zefq.2022.04.027.
53 Roque K, Ruiz R, Otoya-Fernandez I, Galarreta J, Vidaurre T, de Mello R, et al. The impact of telemedicine on cancer care: real-world experience from a Peruvian institute during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future Oncol 2022;18(31):3501-8. doi: 10.2217/fon-2022-0239.
54 Millones A, Lecca L, Acosta D, Campos H, Del Águila-Roja, E, Farroñay S, et al. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients’ experiences obtaining a tuberculosis diagnosis in Peru: a mixed-methods study. BMC Infect Dis 2022;22(1):829. doi: 10.1186/s12879-022-07832-2.
55 Liu Y, Zhao S, Yang L, Aliaga-Linares L, He D. All-cause mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Peru. IJID Reg 2022;5:177-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2022.10.005.
56 Quevedo-Ramirez A, Al-Kassab-Córdova A, Mendez-Guerra C, Cornejo-Venegas G, Alva-Chavez K. Altitude and excess mortality during COVID-19 pandemic in Peru. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2020;281:103512. doi: 10.1016/j.resp.2020.103512.
57 Sempé L, Lloyd-Sherlock P, Martínez R, Ebrahim S, McKee M, Acosta E. Estimation of all-cause excess mortality by age-specific mortality patterns for countries with incomplete vital statistics: a population-based study of the case of Peru during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet Reg Health Am 2021;2:None. doi: 10.1016/j.lana.2021.100039.
58 Panorama de la Salud: Latinoamérica y el Caribe 2020 “Health Overview: Latin America and the Caribbean 2020”: Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and The World Bank; [Available from: https://doi.org/10.1787/740f9640-es].
59 Diaz E, Dimka J, Mamelund S. Disparities in the offer of COVID-19 vaccination to migrants and non-migrants in Norway: a cross sectional survey study. BMC Public Health 2022;22(1):1288. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-13687-8.
60 Herrera-Añazco P, Benites-Zapata V, Hernández V. Association between the Non-use of Health Services and Maltreatment Based on Ethnicity in Peru. J Health Care Poor Underserved 2022;33(1):234-52. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2022.0018.
61 Ferreira L, Utazi C, Huicho L, Nilsen K, Hartwig F, Tatem A, et al. Geographic inequalities in health intervention coverage - mapping the composite coverage index in Peru using geospatial modelling. BMC Public Health 2022;22(1):2104. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-14371-7.
62 Contingency Plan for Exotic Notifiable Diseases of Animals in England. London, UK: Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA); 2022. [Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/contingency-plan-for-exotic-notifiable-diseases-of-animals-in-england].
63 Notifiable Avian Disease Control Strategy for Great Britain. London, UK: Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA); 2019. [Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/notifiable-avian-disease-control-strategy].
64 Managing the human health risk of avian influenza in poultry and wild birds. Guidance for health protection teams Version 6.0. London, UK: UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA); 2023. [Available from: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1132518/avian-influenza-guidance-and-algorithms-for-managing-incidents-in-birds.pdf].
65 NHS England incident response plan: NHS England; 2017 [Accessed Nov 10th 2022. Available from: https://www.england.nhs.uk/publication/nhs-england-incident-response-plan-national].
66 Hayman D, Gurley E, Pulliam J, Field H. The application of one health approaches to henipavirus research. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2013;365:155-70. doi: 10.1007/82_2012_276.
67 Black P, Douglas I, Field H. This could be the start of something big-20 years since the identification of bats as the natural host of Hendra virus. One Health 2015;1:14-6. doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2015.07.001.
68 Hendra virus disease Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organisation (WHO); [Available from: https://www.who.int/health-topics/hendra-virus-disease#tab=tab_1].
69 Coghill A, Black P, Shipp M. The role of One Health in understanding and controlling zoonotic diseases in Australia. Microbiol Aust 2012 [Available from: https://www.publish.csiro.au/ma/pdf/ma12148].
70 Godinho M, Ashraf M, Narasimhan P, Liaw S. Community health alliances as social enterprises that digitally engage citizens and integrate services: A case study in Southwestern Sydney (protocol). Digital Health 2020;6:2055207620930118. doi: 10.1177/2055207620930118.
71 Lim J, Broughan J, Crowley D, O’Kelly B, Fawsitt R, Burke M, et al. COVID-19’s impact on primary care and related mitigation strategies: A scoping review. Eur J Gen Pract 2021;27(1):166-75. doi: 10.1080/13814788.2021.1946681.
72 Khalil-Khan A, Khan M. The Impact of COVID-19 on Primary Care: A Scoping Review. Cureus 2023;15(1):e33241. doi: 10.7759/cureus.33241.
73 Saha S, Davis W. The need for a One Health approach for influenza surveillance. Lancet Glob Health 2022;10(8):e1078-e9. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(22)00240-6.
74 Alexander D. An overview of the epidemiology of avian influenza. Vaccine 2007;25(30):5637-44. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.10.051.
75 Jadhao S, Nguyen D, Uyeki T, Shaw M, Maines T, Rowe T, et al. Genetic analysis of avian influenza A viruses isolated from domestic waterfowl in live-bird markets of Hanoi, Vietnam, preceding fatal H5N1 human infections in 2004. Arch Virol 2009;154(8):1249-61. doi: 10.1007/s00705-009-0429-2.
76 Eby P, Peel A, Hoegh A, Madden W, Giles J, Hudson P, et al. Pathogen spillover driven by rapid changes in bat ecology. Nature 2023;613(7943):340-4. doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-05506-2.
77 Worobey M, Levy J, Malpica Serrano L, Crits-Christoph A, Pekar J, Goldstein S, et al. The Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan was the early epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic. Science 2022;377(6609):951-9. doi: 10.1126/science.abp8715.
78 Maxmen A. Wuhan market was epicentre of pandemic’s start, studies suggest. Nature 2022;603(7899):15-6. doi: 10.1038/d41586-022-00584-8.
79 Benis A, Tamburis O, Chronaki C, Moen A. One Digital Health: A Unified Framework for Future Health Ecosystems. J Med Internet Res 2021;23(2):e22189. doi: 10.2196/22189.