Abstract
Objective This study aims to report the case of a 69-year-old female patient with a diagnosis
of anorectal melanoma (AM) established by immunohistochemistry.
Methods Clinical case report, a descriptive and qualitative study.
Results The patient had a nodular and ulcerative lesion in the anal region, the imaging exams
revealed an expansive lesion that affected the rectum and the vaginal wall. The chosen
course of treatment was initial surgical intervention, the surgery and postoperative
course progressed without complications, and the anatomopathological examination confirmed
the diagnosis of invasive malignant melanoma of the distal rectum of anorectal transition.
The anatomopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of invasive malignant
melanoma located in the distal rectum of the anorectal transition. Immunohistochemistry
analysis showed infiltrative melanoma with microsatellites, as well as peri and intratumoral
lymphocytic infiltrate, angiolymphatic invasion, and perineural invasion. The surgical
resection margins, ovaries, posterior vaginal wall, and parametrium showed no signs
of neoplastic involvement. Following the surgery, the patient began immunotherapy,
which she is still undergoing.
Conclusions The survival rate of AM can be improved through various diagnostic and therapeutic
modalities. However, further exploration of this topic through clinical studies is
necessary to enhance both diagnosis and treatment.
Keywords
Melanoma - Neoplasms - Anus Neoplasms - Colorectal Surgery
