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CC BY 4.0 · Eur J Dent
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1800824
Original Article

Effects of Different Dentin Surface Cleaning Protocols on Bond Strength of Dual-Cure Resin Cement Following Temporary Cementation

Vichakorn Vongtavatchai
1   Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
,
Boondarick Niyatiwatchanchai 
1   Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
,
Murali Srinivasan 
2   Clinic of General-, Special Care-, and Geriatric Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
,
Thantrira Porntaveetus
3   Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Clinical Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
4   Geriatric and Special Patients Care International Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
,
Junji Tagami
1   Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
5   Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
,
Anucharte Srijunbarl
6   Dental Material Research and Development Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
,
Kornwasa Siripamitdul
7   Metallurgical Structure Testing and Inspection Center, Iron and Steel Institute of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand
,
Dusit Nantanapiboon 
1   Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
2   Clinic of General-, Special Care-, and Geriatric Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
4   Geriatric and Special Patients Care International Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
8   Center of Excellence for Dental Stem Cell Biology and Center of Excellence and Innovation for Oral Health and Healthy Longevity, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
› Author Affiliations Funding The work was supported by the Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University. Moreover, TP was supported by the Health Systems Research Institute, National Research Council of Thailand (N42A650229), and Thailand Science Research and Innovation Fund Chulalongkorn University (HEA_FF_68_008_3200_001).
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Abstract

Objective The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of various cleaning protocols on the bond strength of dual-cure resin cement following temporary cementation.

Materials and Methods Fifty-two human third molars were sectioned to expose superficial dentin and divided into four groups: (1) fresh, noncontaminated dentin (control); (2) pumice cleaning; (3) pumice + sodium bicarbonate air polishing; and (4) pumice + 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP) based cleaner. Groups 2, 3, and 4 were treated with noneugenol zinc oxide temporary cement, followed by their respective cleaning protocols. After the teeth were cleaned, the restorative procedure was performed. All dentin surfaces were then bonded with a composite restoration using dual-cure resin cement. Shear bond strength was tested using a universal testing machine until failure. Surface morphology was assessed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) was used to analyze the residual elements on the dentin surface.

Statistical Analysis Group differences were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tamhane's post hoc test. Chi-squared tests were used to assess the differences in failure mode proportions among groups. All statistical analyses were conducted at a significance level of p < 0.05.

Results ANOVA revealed significant differences in bond strength among the groups (p < 0.001). Post hoc analysis showed no significant difference in bond strength between the control group and the sodium bicarbonate air polishing or MDP-based cleaner groups. However, the pumice polishing group exhibited a significantly lower bond strength compared to all other groups (p < 0.001). SEM-EDS analysis confirmed incomplete removal of temporary cement with pumice polishing, as evidenced by residual cement and elevated levels of zinc and oxygen ions.

Conclusion Pumice polishing alone was insufficient for removing temporary cement, resulting in reduced bond strength of the subsequently applied resin cement. This study demonstrated that combining pumice with sodium bicarbonate air polishing or MDP-based cleaner effectively removed cement and restored bond strength to levels comparable to fresh, noncontaminated dentin.

Keywords

air polishing - bond strength - contamination - dentin - MDP-based cleaner - temporary cement


Publication History

Article published online:
12 March 2025

© 2025. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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