Biosensors for Clinical Diagnostics

Introduction

Biosensors are defined as a combination of a physico-chemical transducer which detects a signal generated by the reaction of the analyte with a biological recognition molecule.

Biosensors were first developed in the 1960's [1]. Developments were mainly driven by the desire to provide a better glucose measurement for diabetes monitoring. The new technology is now used in approximately 7% of those applications. Biosensor products were also commercialized by companies offering blood gas and blood electrolytes analyzers, integrating glucose, lactate and other biosensors into these systems to allow fast measurement in the critical care environment.

Literatur

• 1 Clark LC, Lyons C. Electrode systems for continuous monitoring in cardiovascular surgery.   Ann. NY Acad. Sci.. 1962;  102 29-45
• 2 Gutman I, Wahlefield A. Methods of Enzymatic Analysis, 2^nd edition. Bergmeyer HU (ed.), New York Academic Press Inc. 1974: 1464
• 3 Sigma Diagnostics. Enzymatic Determination of Lactate in Whole Blood at 340 nm. Procedure 8 826-UV
• 4 D'Orazio P, Parker B. Interference by the Oxidizable Pharmaceuticals Acetaminophen and Dopamine at Eletrochemical Biosensors for Blood Glucose.  Clin. Chem.. 1995;  41(6) 156