Abstract:
By bioactivity-guided fractionation, three known steroidal glycosides, β
2-solamargine (1), solamargine (
2), and degalactotigonin (3), were isolated from Solanum nigrum. Compounds 1 - 3 induced morphological abnormality in Pyricularia
oryzae mycelia with MMDC (minimum morphological deformation concentration)
values of 63.0, 38.5, and 97.2 μM, respectively. This is the first
report on the isolation of 1 from this species and
on the cytotoxicity of 1 - 3 on
six cultured human solid tumor cell lines HT-29 (colon), HCT-15 (colon), LNCaP
(prostate), PC-3 (prostate), T47D (breast), and MDA-MB-231 (breast)
in vitro. The cytotoxic assay indicated that 2
is the main antineoplastic agent in S. nigrum.
The structures of 1 - 3 were elucidated
on the basis of chemical evidence and spectral analysis, especially by 2D-NMR
analysis.
Key words:
Solanum nigrum
- Solanaceae - steroidal glycosides - antineoplastic agents - cytotoxicity -
Pyricularia oryzae
