Zusammenfassung
Im Rahmen dieses Beitrags untersuchten wir mögliche Zusammenhänge zwischen traumatischen Erlebnissen in der Kindheit und komorbiden psychischen Störungen, wie sie üblicherweise bei männlichen Alkoholpatienten gefunden werden, die nicht zu Stichproben von Kriegsveteranen gehören. Es werden einerseits Ergebnisse bisheriger Studien im Überblick vorgestellt, zum anderen auch einige neue Ergebnisse unserer eigenen Untersuchungen. Befunde zum Zusammenhang zwischen Traumatisierungen in der Kindheit und Achse-I- bzw. Achse-II-Komorbidität zeigen ein breites Spektrum psychiatrischer Diagnosen bei männlichen Alkoholpatienten, die Viktimisierungserfahrungen in der Kindheit berichten, insbesondere Dysthymie, Angststörungen und Posttraumatische Belastungsstörungen (PTBS). Darüber hinaus deuten die vorhandenen Daten darauf hin, dass elterlicher Alkoholismus, das Miterleben von elterlicher Gewalt sowie physische Misshandlung eine Rolle für die spätere Entwicklung einer antisozialen Persönlichkeitsstörung bei männlichen Alkoholkranken spielen. Die in der klinischen Versorgung Tätigen sollten daher in Bezug auf zusätzliche psychiatrische Störungen bei männlichen Patienten, die wegen Alkoholabhängigkeit zur Behandlung kommen, besonders aufmerksam sein. Diagnostische Probleme und Behandlungsansätze werden diskutiert.
Abstract
In this article we examined possible relations between childhood trauma and diagnostic co-morbidity typically seen in non-veteran male alcoholic patients. In addition to reviewing results of previous studies, we also present some new findings based on our own research. Findings on the relationship between childhood trauma and Axis I and II co-morbidity indicate extensive diagnostic heterogeneity in male alcoholic patients reporting childhood victimization, in particular dysthymia, phobic disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Furthermore, existing data suggest a role for parental alcoholism, witnessing parental violence, and physical abuse in predicting antisocial personality disorder in male alcoholic patients. Clearly, clinicians need to be aware of the presence of trauma and concomitant psychiatric disorders, including PTSD among male patients seeking alcohol addiction treatment. Diagnostic issues as well as treatment approaches are discussed.
Schlüsselwörter
Kindliche Traumatisierungen - männliche Alkoholpatienten - psychiatrische Komorbidität
Key words
Childhood trauma - male alcoholic patients - psychiatric comorbidity
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1 Das STI wurde bereits in verschiedenen Forschungsprojekten und in der klinischen Diagnostik eingesetzt. Bislang wurden keine nachteiligen Folgen seiner Anwendung beobachtet. Das Interview wurde vor kurzem ins Deutsche und Französische übersetzt.
2 Körperliche Misshandlung in der Kindheit bei 25 % der ASP-Gruppe und 12 % der Nicht-ASP-Gruppe (p <.10)
3 χ2 = 5,52, p <,05
4 Mutter: χ2 = 8,44, p <,01/Vater:χ2 = 4,08, p <,05
5 ß= 1,73, p <,01
6 p <,10
7 χ2 = 4,45, p <,05
Dr. Willie Langeland
Quartier Mounicat
32190 Bascous
Frankreich
eMail: gjwil.langdijk@wanadoo.fr