Zusammenfassung
Fragestellung: Ätiologie und Pathogenese von Präeklampsie und des HELLP-Syndroms sind immer noch
weitgehend unbekannt. Hier stehen plazentare Veränderungen wie beispielsweise die
frühe Trophoblastinvasion und die späteren sekundären Plazentaveränderungen zentrale
pathophysiologische Prozesse dar, in die möglicherweise die Inhibine - als hochpotente
Proteohormone - involviert sind. Andererseits erlauben die aktuellen ELISAS erst kurze
Zeit reproduzierbare Messungen der Serumkonzentrationen. Die Inhibine sind in der
Schwangerschaft ganz überwiegend plazentaren Ursprungs und könnten so unterschiedliche
Serumkonzentrationen bei chronisch hypertonen Schwangeren, Patientinnen mit Präeklampsien
und bei HELLP-Syndromen zeigen. Lassen sich hieraus neue pathophysiologische oder
klinische Konsequenzen ableiten?
Material und Methode: Die Serumkonzentrationen von Inhibin A, Inhibin B, Pro-alpha-C und Aktivin A von
99 Patientinnen mit verschiedenen Formen von hypertensiven Schwangerschaftserkrankungen
(37 unauffällig Gravide, 23 chronisch hypertone Patientinnen, 25 Präeklampsiepatientinnen
und 14 Patientinnen mit HELLP-Syndrom) wurden zu unterschiedlichen Schwangerschaftszeitpunkten
und postpartal mittels ELISAS der Firma Serotec bestimmt und statistisch verglichen.
Ergebnisse: Während der Schwangerschaft steigen die Serumkonzentrationen aller vier Parameter
kontinuierlich an und fallen postpartal rasch wieder ab. Während sich keine nennenswerten
Unterschiede der Serumspiegel für die obigen Hormone für unauffällige und chronisch
hypertone Patientinnen finden, zeigen Präeklampsiepatientinnen und besonders Patientinnen
mit HELLP-Syndrom statistisch hoch auffällig höhere Serumspiegel für Inhibin A und
Aktivin A.
Schlussfolgerungen: Die deutlich erhöhten Inhibin A- und Aktivin A-Serumspiegel zeigen auf die besondere
Bedeutung der Plazenta für die Pathogenese der Präeklampsie und des HELLP-Syndroms
und könnten eine bessere differenzialdiagnostische Klassifikation in der Schwangerschaft
und - in Zusammenschau mit anderen Parametern - die Etablierung eines Frühtests ermöglichen.
Abstract
Objective: Are serum concentrations of the ovarian glycoproteins inhibin A, inhibin B, pro-alpha-C
and activin A different in normotensive, chronical hypertensive or pregancies complicated
by preeclampsia or HELLP-syndrome? What are the clinical consequences?
Methods: Serum concentrations of inhibin A, inhibin B, pro-alpha-C, and activin A of 99 women
(37 normotensive patients, 23 patients with chronical hypertension, 25 women with
preeclampsia and 14 patients with HELLP-syndrome) at different stages of pregnancy
were determined by high specific ELISAS.
Results: During pregnancy serum levels of all parameters increased continually and fell rapidly
within parturition. Activin A and inhibin B levels showed significant higher serum
concentrations in patients with preeclampsia and - even more pronounced - in patients
with HELLP-syndrome. Normotensive and chronically hypertensive patients were not different.
Conclusion: Activin A and inhibin A appear to be viable candidates as laboratory parameters for
detection of pregnancy induced hypertension. Maybe furthermore both parameters will
allow the discrimination between chronic hypertension and hypertension induced by
pregnancy.
Schlüsselwörter
Inhibin A - Inhibin B - Aktivin A - Präeklampsie - HELLP-Syndrom
Key words
Inhibin A - inhibin B - activin A - preeclampsia - HELLP-Syndrome
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PD Dr. Rudolf Seufert
Oberarzt der Universitätsfrauenklinik
Langenbeckstr. 1
55101 Mainz
Email: seufert@mail.uni-mainz.de