Organophosphate Poisoning

Daniel E. Rusyniak; Kristine A. Nañagas

doi:10.1055/s-2004-830907

Seminars in Neurology, Table of Contents

Semin Neurol 2004; 24(2): 197-204
DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-830907

Organophosphate Poisoning

Daniel E. Rusyniak¹ , Kristine A. Nañagas²

¹Assistant Professor, Departments of Emergency Medicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
²Assistant Clinical Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana

Abstract

Organophosphates are commonly used as pesticides around the world. Exposures to organophosphates cause a significant number of poisonings and deaths each year. Organophosphates bind and inhibit cholinesterase enzymes. Acute toxicity manifests as a cholinergic crisis with excessive glandular secretions, altered mental status, and weakness. Several delayed syndromes have also been associated with organophosphate exposure, including a myasthenic-like syndrome, peripheral neuropathies, neuropsychiatric abnormalities, and extrapyramidal disorders. Clinical features and management of organophosphate poisoning is reviewed with emphasis on those affecting the central and peripheral nervous system.

KEYWORDS

Insecticides - organophosphate poisoning - intermediate syndrome - neuropathy - extrapyramidal parkinsonism - paralysis - neurobehavioral

Full Text

References

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Daniel E RusyniakM.D.

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