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Laryngorhinootologie 2005; 84: 60-73
DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-861152
Gestörtes Hören
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Gestörtes Hören
Die apparative Versorgung der Schwerhörigkeit: Cochlea-Implantate und Hirnstammimplantate - Aktuelle Entwicklungen der letzten 10 Jahre

J.  Müller1
  • 1 Schwerpunkt Cochlea Implantate und Hörprothetik (Leiter: Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. J. Müller), Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkranke der Universität Würzburg (Direktor: Univ.-Prof. Dr. med. Dr. med. h. c. J. Helms)
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Publication History

Publication Date:
22 April 2005 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Die faszinierenden Möglichkeiten, die eine Cochlea-Implantat-Versorgung für taub geborene oder ertaubte Kinder und Erwachsene bietet, haben in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten ein interdisziplinäres Forschungsfeld entstehen lassen, das sich rasant entwickelt hat.

Die Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Cochlea-Implantate in den letzten 10 Jahren sind durch weitreichende Verbesserungen der Hörleistung und des Sprachverständnisses der CI-Träger geprägt. Diese Verbesserungen werden auf die Weiterentwicklung der Sprachkodierungsstrategien zurückgeführt.

Die zunehmende Versorgung von (immer jüngeren) Kindern und die Möglichkeit, mit Cochlea-Implantaten binaurales Hören zu ermöglichen, sind Folge dieser Entwicklung und Ausdruck des erreichten, hohen Niveaus. Trotz aller Fortschritte stellen die modernen Cochlea-Implantate aber noch kein normales Sprachverständnis her, leider auch nicht für Starpatienten. Gerade das Verstehen von Sprache im Störschall bleibt schwierig [13]. Bis Mitte der 90er-Jahre konzentrierten sich die Forschungsaktivitäten auf die einohrige Versorgung. Nachhaltige Verbesserungen sind durch die seit 1996 zunehmend vorgenommene bilaterale Versorgung zu erreichen.

Schlüsselwörter

Cochlea-Implantat - Indikationen - Cochlea-Implantat bei Kindern - chirurgische Technik - Sprachverständnis - Elektrodenträger - tiefe Elektrodeninsertion - binaurales Hören - bilaterale Cochlea-Implantat-Versorgung

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Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. Joachim Müller

Schwerpunkt Cochlea Implantate und Hörprothetik, Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkranke der Universität Würzburg ·

Josef-Schneider-Straße 11 · 97080 Würzburg

Email: joachim.m@mail.uni-wuerzburg.de

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