Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) und seine entwicklungspsychiatrische Bedeutung

T. Stegemann; M. Heimann; P. Düsterhus; M. Schulte-Markwort

doi:10.1055/s-2005-870948

Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie, Table of Contents

Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 2006; 74(3): 136-148
DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-870948

Originalarbeit

Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) und seine entwicklungspsychiatrische Bedeutung

Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and its Importance for Exploration of Normal or Pathological Brain DevelopmentT. Stegemann¹ , M. Heimann² , P. Düsterhus¹ , M. Schulte-Markwort²

¹Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Hamburg (Direktor: Prof. Dr. P. Riedesser)
²Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinderpsychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Eppendorf, Hamburg (Direktor: Prof. Dr. M. Schulte-Markwort)

Abstract

Zusammenfassung

Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) ist ein Verfahren, das In-vivo-Aussagen über die Integrität der weißen Substanz (Anisotropie) und den Verlauf von Nervenfaserverbindungen (Fiber tracking) im Gehirn erlaubt. Dies geschieht mittels nicht-invasiver auf Kernspintomographie beruhender Untersuchungsmethoden. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die Methodik und die aktuellen Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der Diffusionsbildgebung. Berücksichtigt werden dabei Studien der letzten 10 Jahre bezogen auf relevante Krankheitsbilder aus dem Gebiet der Neuropsychiatrie und Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie. Der Beitrag bietet darüber hinaus eine Übersicht über die im Bereich Neurologie, Traumatologie und Onkologie durchgeführten DTI-Studien im Kinder- und Jugendalter, die Gehirn- oder ZNS-Veränderungen als Untersuchungsgegenstand aufwiesen. Ein besonderer Fokus liegt auf der Bedeutung dieser Methode für die Erforschung von regulären und pathologischen Hirnreifungsprozessen.

Abstract

Diffusion tensor MR imaging (DTI) can provide in vivo unique information on integrity of white matter structures (anisotropy) and connectivity (fiber tracking) in the human brain. This is made possible by means of non-invasive MR-based technique. The purpose of this article is to review the method and the current applications of diffusion tensor MR imaging. Studies of the past decade featuring relevant neuropsychiatric disorders as well as disorders in child psychiatry are reviewed. Furthermore, this report offers a summary of DTI-studies in children and adolescents showing alterations in brain or CNS structures including neurological, traumatological and oncological investigations. In particular, it focuses on the importance of this method with respect to exploration of normal and pathological brain development.

Full Text

References

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Prof. Dr. med. Michael Schulte-Markwort

Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf · Zentrum Frauen-, Kinder- und Jugendmedizin · Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychosomatik

Martinistr. 52

20246 Hamburg

Email: schulte.markwort@uke.uni-hamburg.de