Empfehlungen zur Planung und Durchführung des körperlichen Trainings im Lungensport[1]

Zusammenfassung

Asthma und COPD zählen zu den Volkskrankheiten, die hohe Kosten verursachen. In den nationalen und internationalen Leitlinien wird das körperliche Training als wichtigster nichtmedikamentöser Baustein angeführt. Sowohl bei Asthma bronchiale als auch bei COPD ist evidenzbasiert, dass Effekte in den Bereichen Leistungsfähigkeit, Lebensqualität und gesundheitsökonomische Kosten erreicht werden.

Daher sollten flächendeckend Möglichkeiten zur Durchführung des körperlichen Trainings etabliert werden. Das bedeutet, dass neben den stationären Rehabilitationseinrichtungen im ambulanten Bereich vermehrt Lungensportgruppen gegründet werden müssen, die ein kontinuierliches Training ermöglichen.

Für diese spezielle Form des längerfristigen Trainings in Gruppen gibt es bisher noch keine systematische Darstellung. Erschwerend sind ferner die unterschiedliche Grundausbildung der Fachübungsleiter und die Heterogenität der Teilnehmer. Absicht der Autoren war es, Empfehlungen für ein gegliedertes und zielgruppenspezifisches Training zu erstellen, um die praktische Umsetzung dem evidenzbasierten Wissensstand anzunähern und zur Qualität des Trainings bei Patienten mit Lungenkrankheiten beizutragen.

Abstract

Asthma and COPD are common diseases inducing high costs. In national and international guidelines exercise training is stated as the main component amongst the nonmedical treatment options. With exercise training beneficial effects in exercise performance, quality of life and health-related costs can be obtained. Options for exercise training all over the country should be established. Therefore not only inpatient, but also outpatient structures, especially lung sports groups have to be organized to enable a continuous training.

For this special way of long term training no systematic guidelines do exist. Further aggravating factors are the different basic vocational education of the trainers and the heterogeneity of the participants.

The intention of the authors was to develop recommendations for a structured training and training sensitive to the target group. The realisation of training with this approach should approximate training to evidence based knowledge and contribute to the quality of training patients with lung diseases.

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1 Durchführende Institution: Arbeitsgemeinschaft Lungensport in Deutschland e.V.