Abstract
The world literature of sports medicine and mountain medicine has been much concerned
with early recognition, emergency onsite care, and rescue transportation of the cold-injured
patient. Considerable problems exist for the initial rescuer and first responder,
particularly if that person is alone. Thoughts of initial approach and care, are presented,
particularly for the first, often untrained in-field rescue responders. The site of
rescue and field variables found at that site are presented. Methods in aiding field
assessment of the state of hypothermia are listed, particularly the evaluation of
signs and symptoms of the victim. Early care and avoidance of further heat loss is
discussed. The consideration for the rescuer (and victim) is to 'think heat'. Basic
principles of care are stated, particularly for care of the victim ‘with no apparent
signs of life’.
Key words
Cold - hypothermia - field care - emergency care
