Vergleichende Untersuchungen zur Bildung und Akkumulation von etherischem Öl in der intakten Pflanze und in der Calluskultur von Matricaria chamomilla

Abstract

Localisation, accumulation and composition of the essential oil in different plant parts of Matricaria chamomilla L. were investigated. An organ specific distribution of individual components in the different essential oils could be shown. Only the essential oil of the roots contained the sesquiterpenes Chamomillol, Caryophyllen, Caryophyllenepoxide and the polyenes Chamomillaester I and II. The essential oil of Matricaria chamomilla roots is accumulated in schizogenous oil passages and oil cells restricted to the roots. Callus surface cultures of Matricaria chamomilla initiated from stems and flowerheads produced an essential oil similar to that of the root. It is exclusively accumulated in oil cells typical of the roots.