ABSTRACT
Neonates of 34 triplet pregnancies were admitted to our neonatal unit over a twelve-year
period (1983 to 1995), with an incidence of 1 out of 812 deliveries. Thirty (88%)
of the pregnancies were the result of ovulation induction and artificial fertilization:
artificial insemination from husband (n = 3), in vitro fertilization (n = 9), and gamete intra-fallopian transfer (n = 6). All except one had antenatal sonographic diagnosis, 79% in the first trimester.
The most common pregnancy-related complication was preterm labor (56%). Twenty-seven
(79%) were delivered by cesarean section. There were 101 live births (one stillborn).
Mean gestation age was 33.6±2.94 weeks, mean birthweight 1809±485 g, with 7 extremely
low birthweight (>1000 g [6.8%]). Neonatal complications included respiratory distress
syndrome (12%), intraventricular hemorrhage (8.8%), retinopathy of prematurity (8%),
sepsis (3%), severe asphyxia (3%), and omphalopagus conjoined twins (1%). The perinatal
and neonatal mortality was 49 per 1000 and 59 per 1000, respectively. The introduction
of advanced artificial fertilization techniques and ovulation induction agents resulted
in a major increase in multifetal gestations. Early prenatal diagnosis, judicious
prolongation of gestation, and planned delivery by cesarean section combined with
major improvement in neonatal care by experienced neonatologists has improved survival
of triplet neonates.
Keywords
Triplet pregnancy - ovulation-inducing agents - artificial fertilization
