Zusammenfassung
In der Literatur ist verschiedentlich auf einzelne Auffälligkeiten der Persönlichkeit
von Patienten mit Kontaktgranulom hingewiesen worden, jedoch lediglich auf der Grundlage
intuitiver klinischer Beobachtungen in Einzelfallen. Es wurde deshalb eine systematische
Studie der Persönlichkeit von Kontaktgranulompatienten mit einer fachlichen psychosomatischen
Untersuchung und mit objektiven Erhebungsinstrumenten an einer größeren Stichprobe
(n = 33) durchgeführt. In der psychodynamischen Diagnostik ergaben sich annähernd
gleich häufig narzißtische und psychosomatische Typen des Funktionsniveaus der Persönlichkeit
und eine primär zwanghafte und teilweise depressive Triebstruktur. In den Testergebnissen
wichen Kontaktgranulompatienten in der Struktur und Intensität der Körperbeschwerden
und in wesentlichen Charakteristika des psychosozialen Selbstbildes von der Normpopulation
in Richtung auf psychosomatisch-psychoneurotische Vergleichswerte ab. Persönlichkeitszüge
von geringerer sozialer Resonanz und Dominanz, größerer Rigidität, Kontrolle und Leistungs-
und Normorientierung sowie stärkerer Depressivität und Ängstlichkeit und interner
Aggressionsverarbeitung waren auffällig. Diese Befunde stützen die Annahme psychosozialer
Faktoren in der Ätiologie des Kontaktgranuloms.
Summary
Particular features of the personality of patients with vocal cord granuloma have
been reported in the literature based on intuitive Observation of individual cases
in clinical examination. The present study was designed to examine systematically
a larger number of patients with vocal cord granuloma by means of a psychosomatic
interview and with objective standardised personality inventories. The aim was to
investigate characteristics of personality structure, the extent and form of psychosomatic
complaints, and the psychosocial self-image of these patients. 33 patients with the
diagnosis of vocal cord granuloma participated in the study. They under-went a psychodynamic
psychosomatic interview and filled in the Giessen test, a standardized personality
inventory, the Giessener Beschwerdebogen, a somatic complaints list, and a social
questionaire. Descriptive statistics were computed. Psychodynamic diagnostics revealed
two types of the functional level of personality: narcissistic and psychosomatic structures
were almost equally represented. With respect to the drive Organisation of personality
structure, mainly compulsive and to a lesser extent depressive dominant features were
found. The structure of somatic complaints in our patient group with vocal cord granuloma
was different from that of the norm population as well as that of a group of psychosomatic-psychoneurotic
outpatients. With regard to the extent of somatic complaints, the scores of our patients
were in the middle between the norm values and those of psychosomatic patients. In
the self-image of their personality and their psychosocial relations, patients with
vocal cord granuloma deviated from the values of the norm population in all scales
into the direction of the scores of psychosomatic-psychoneurotic outpatients. Personality
characteristics of a lesser degree of perceived social resonance and dominance, of
greater rigidity and self-control and of a stronger orientation towards personal achievement
and social norms were most prominent. Also a larger degree of depression and anxiety
as well as a tendency of internal control of anger and a latent aggressiveness were
characteristic of patients with vocal cord granuloma. Our results lend support to
the assumption of particular personality characteristics of patients with vocal cord
granuloma and call for the Integration of psychosocial factors into the etiology of
vocal cord granuloma.
Schlüsselwörter
Kontaktgranulom - Stimmstörungen - Psychosomatik - Psychodynamisches Interview
Key words
Vocal cord granuloma - Voice disorders - Psychosomatics - Psychodynamic interview
