Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Die Kombinationstherapie aus photodynamischer Therapie (PDT) und intravitrealer Triamcinolon-Eingabe
(IVTA) bei choroidalen Neovaskularisationen (CNV) im Rahmen der AMD scheint die Prognose
dieser Erkrankung zu verbessern. Diese Annahme war jedoch bislang auf nicht randomisierte
und retrospektive Studien basiert. Wir stellen hier die 6-Monats-Ergebnisse der prospektiven
und randomisierten multizentrischen ITAP-Studie (Intravitreal Triamcinolone And PDT)
zur Evaluation der PDT-IVTA-Kombinationstherapie im Vergleich zur PDT-Monotherapie
vor. Patienten: Prospektive und randomisierte multizentrische Phase-III-Studie zur Evaluation der
Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit der PDT-IVTA-Kombinationstherapie im Vergleich zur PDT-Monotherapie.
3 randomisierte Therapiegruppen (A: nur PDT; B: IVTA am selben Tag 1 Stunde nach PDT;
C: IVTA 1 Woche vor PDT) wurden 1 Jahr lang beobachtet. Eingeschlossen wurden Patienten
mit überwiegend klassischer CNV, minimal klassischer CNV (< 4 Papillendurchmesser)
oder okkulter CNV mit akuter Visusverschlechterung. Die Behandlung wurde wiederholt,
wenn bei der Kontrolluntersuchung eine persistierende Leckage der CNV sichtbar war.
Primäre Endpunkte waren der Endvisus im Vergleich zwischen Kombinationstherapie und
PDT-Monotherapie sowie der Endvisus im Vergleich zwischen beiden Gruppen der Kombinationstherapie.
Ergebnisse: 92 Patienten wurden in die Studie eingeschlossen. Vor Beginn der Therapie betrug
der mittlere best-korrigierte ETDRS-Visus 52, 53 und 51 Buchstaben in den Gruppen
A, B und C, bei der 6-Monats-Kontrolle entsprechend 40, 47 und 47 Buchstaben. Lediglich
Gruppe A verliert im Mittel mehr als 10 Buchstaben, die Änderung ist jedoch zwischen
den Gruppen statistisch nicht signifikant. Die mittlere Netzhautdicke, gemessen mittels
optischer Kohärenztomografie, verminderte sich in allen Gruppen statistisch signifikant,
insbesondere in den Kombinationsgruppen. Die Anzahl der Wiederholungsbehandlungen
ist zwischen den drei Gruppen nach 6 Monaten nicht signifikant unterschiedlich, eine
operationswürdige Kataraktprogression konnte während der ersten 6 Monate nicht nachgewiesen
werden. Schlussfolgerung: Die 6-Monats-Ergebnisse dieser prospektiven und randomisierten Studie zeigen nach
6 Monaten keinen statistisch signifikanten Unterschied im Visusverlauf zwischen Mono-
und Kombinationstherapie.
Abstract
Background: Combination therapy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with intravitreal triamcinolone
(IVTA) for choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) in age-related macular degeneration
is thought to improve the prognosis. It is therefore widely used, although results
are mostly based upon non-randomised and retrospective studies. Here we present the
6-month results of our prospective, randomised, multicentre ITAP trial (Intravitreal
Triamcinolone and PDT) for the evaluation of the combination therapy as compared to
PDT alone. Patients: This prospective, randomised, multicentre phase III trial was performed for the evaluation
of the efficacy and safety of combination therapy (PDT and IVTA) as compared to PDT
alone. Three randomised therapy groups (A: PDT alone, B: IVTA on the same day 1 hour
after PDT C: IVTA 1 week before PDT) were monitored over 1 year. The patients included
had wet AMD with predominantly classic CNV, minimal classic CNV smaller than 4 papillary
diameters or occult CNV with recent disease progression. Re-treatment was performed
when persistent leakage of the CNV was visible at follow-up. Primary outcome criteria
were the comparison between combination therapy and PDT monotherapy concerning visual
acuity, and, second, the comparison between the two groups of combination therapy.
Results: 92 patients were included in the study. Before treatment, mean best corrected ETDRS
letter score was 52, 53 and 51 in groups A, B and C, respectively. At the 6 months
follow-up, mean best corrected letter score was 40, 47 and 47, respectively, with
only group A loosing more than 10 letters. This change, however, was not statistically
significant between the groups. Mean retinal thickness as measured with optical coherence
tomography decreased in all groups, and reached statistical significance in both combination
groups. Re-treatment rates did not differ significantly between the three groups at
6 months follow-up, nor was there a significant cataract progression requiring operation.
Conclusion: At 6 months there was no significant difference between mono- and combination therapy
groups concerning visual acuity.
Schlüsselwörter
Retina - altersabhängige Makuladegeneration - photodynamische Therapie - Triamcinolon
- intravitreale Therapie - randomisierte Studie
Key words
retina - age-related macular degeneration - photodynamic therapy - Triamcinolone -
intravitreal injection - randomised study
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Dr. Maria Andreea Gamulescu
Ophthalmologie, Universitätsaugenklinik Regensburg
Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 11
93053 Regensburg
Telefon: ++ 49/9 41/9 44 92 01
Fax: ++ 49/9 41/9 44 92 02
eMail: agamulescu@web.de