ABSTRACT
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has revolutionized the imaging assessment of patients
sustaining acute vertebral injury and is indicated for all hemodynamically stable
patients with acute neurologic deficits related to spinal column injury, particularly
in the cervical region. MRI defines the presence and extent of lesions involving osseous
structures, ligaments and other soft tissues, and the spinal cord parenchyma. Information
obtained from MRI is useful in assessing the indication for and best approach to surgical
management of vertebral injury by revealing herniated disc material, epidural hematoma,
significant osteophytes, and level(s) of probable or potential spinal column instability.
The appearance of spinal cord lesions by MRI provides prognostic information regarding
likely extent of recovery of neurologic function. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)
can reliably demonstrate vertebral artery injuries not uncommonly associated with
cervical spine subluxation/dislocation and fractures crossing the foramen transversarium.
Improvements in speed of MR image acquisition and patient physiological support and
monitoring compatibility in the MR-environment is making MRI more available and safe
for use in the setting of acute major trauma.
KEYWORDS
Magnetic resonance imaging - vertebral injury - spinal cord injury - traumatic disc
herniation - traumatic epidural hematoma - vertebral artery injury
