Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere 2018; 46(03): 172-177
DOI: 10.15653/TPG-170741
Originalartikel – Original Articles
Schattauer GmbH

Effects of mares’ age and day of gestation on efficacy of transvaginal ultrasound-guided twin reduction[*]

Einfluss von Alter und Trächtigkeitstag auf die Effizienz der transvaginalen ultrasonographisch geleiteten Zwillingsreduktion bei der Stute
Janina Rau
1   Unit for Reproductive Medicine, Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany
,
Daniela Tiedemann
1   Unit for Reproductive Medicine, Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany
,
Jutta Sielhorst
1   Unit for Reproductive Medicine, Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany
2   Veterinary Competence Center Karthaus GmbH, Duelmen, Germany
,
Anna Tönissen
1   Unit for Reproductive Medicine, Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany
,
Dominik Burger
3   Swiss Institute of Equine Medicine ISME, University of Berne and Agroscope, Avenches, Switzerland
,
Gunilla Martinsson
4   National State Stud Lower Saxony, Celle, Germany
,
Karl Rohn
5   Institute of Biometry, Epidemiology and Information Processing, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany
,
Harriette Oldenhof
1   Unit for Reproductive Medicine, Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany
,
Harald Sieme
1   Unit for Reproductive Medicine, Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Germany
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received: 10 November 2017

Accepted after revision: 31 December 2017

Publication Date:
14 June 2018 (online)

Summary

Objective: Transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration (TUA) is a procedure which can be used for the reduction of twins post-fixation in the mare. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the age of mares and the day of gestation on the outcome of TUA treatment. Material and methods: In 88 mares, diagnosed pregnant with twins, TUA of the yolk sac or allantoic fluid was performed between day 30 and 62 of gestation. Mares were aged 3–22 years. Ultrasonographic examination for a viable singleton pregnancy was performed by referring veterinarians 5–7 days and 4 weeks after TUA. Based on reported findings, effects of age and day of gestation on pregnancy rates were evaluated. Results: Four weeks after TUA, 67% of the cases resulted in a viable singleton pregnancy. Five to 7 days after TUA treatment, the success rate was 74%. The gestational period did not affect the outcome, irrespective of the age of the mare. In contrast, success rates decreased with increasing age of the mares (84% ≤ 7 years vs. 67% 8–14 years vs. 57% ≥ 15 years). In mares aged 8–14 years, a decrease in singleton pregnancies was observed, if TUA was performed after day 35 of gestation. Success rates were slightly higher, if twin vesicles were localized within separate uterine horns (73%) as compared to the same horn (66%). Differences in singleton pregnancy rates were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusions and clinical relevance: TUA was found to be an effective procedure for reduction of twin pregnancies performed at days 30–62 of gestation. Success rates for singleton pregnancies were high for young mares ≤ 7 years old (84%) and middle aged mares treated before day 36 of pregnancy (74%). Duration of pregnancy at the time of TUA did not have a major impact on the outcome. Nevertheless, the procedure should optimally be performed around days 32–35 of pregnancy to allow for the possibility of natural reduction before treatment and rebreeding in case of a total pregnancy loss after TUA.

Zusammenfassung

Gegenstand und Ziel: Die transvaginale ultraschallgeleitete Aspiration (TUA) stellt eine Methode zur Zwillingsreduktion bei der Stute nach der Fixationsphase dar. Ziel der Studie war, den Einfluss von Alter und Trächtigkeitstag (TT) der Stuten auf die Resultate erfolgter TUAs zu beurteilen. Material und Methoden: Bei 88 Stuten im Alter von 3–22 Jahren mit diagnostizierter Zwillingsträchtigkeit wurde zwischen TT 30 und 62 eine Fruchtwasseraspiration vorgenommen. Die ultrasonographische Nach-untersuchung zur Feststellung einer intakten Einlingsgravidität führten die überweisenden Tierärzte 5–7 Tage sowie 4 Wochen nach der TUA durch. Basierend auf den mitgeteilten Befunden wurden die Einflüsse von Alter und Gestationstag der Stuten auf die Trächtigkeitsraten beurteilt. Ergebnisse: Die Rate für intakte Einlingsgraviditäten lag 4 Wochen nach der TUA bei 67%. Fünf bis 7 Tage nach dem Eingriff betrug die Erfolgsrate 74%. Unabhängig vom Alter der Stuten beeinflusste die Gestationsdauer die Ergebnisse nicht. Im Gegensatz dazu beeinträchtigte ein höheres Stutenalter die Behandlungserfolge (84% ≤ 7 Jahre vs. 67% 8–14 Jahre vs. 57% ≥ 15 Jahre). Bei 8–14 Jahre alten Stuten ergab sich eine geringere Reduktionsrate zur Einlingsgravidität, wenn die TUA nach dem 35. TT stattfand. Die Erfolgsrate für bicornuale Zwillingsträchtigkeiten (73%) lag leicht über der unicornualer (66%). Die Ergebnisse unterschieden sich nicht statistisch signifikant (p > 0,05). Schlussfolgerungen und klinische Relevanz: Die TUA erwies sich als effektive Maßnahme zur Zwillingsreduktion zwischen Tag 30 und 62 der Trächtigkeit. Hohe Raten von Einlingsgraviditäten wurden für junge Stuten ≤ 7 Jahre (84%) sowie vor dem 36. TT behandelte Stuten mittleren Alters (74%) erzielt. Die Trächtigkeitsdauer beeinflusste die TUA-Ergebnisse nicht maßgeblich. Dennoch sollte der Eingriff optimalerweise um TT 32–35 durchgeführt werden, um die Möglichkeit der natürlichen Zwillingsreduktion vor einer Behandlung sowie eine Wiederbelegung im Fall eines vollständigen Trächtigkeitsverlustes zu gewährleisten.

* Dedicated to Professor Dr. Dr. h. c. mult. Hartwig Bostedt on the occasion of his 80th birthday.


 
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