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DOI: 10.1590/0004-282X20160098
Lumbar puncture in patients using anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents
Punção lombar em pacientes usando anticoagulantes e agentes antiplaquetáriosABSTRACT
The use of anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents has largely increased. Diagnostic lumbar puncture in patients taking these drugs represents a challenge considering the opposing risks of bleeding and thrombotic complications. To date there are no controlled trials, specific guidelines, nor clear recommendations in this area. In the present review we make some recommendations about lumbar puncture in patients using these drugs. Our recommendations take into consideration the pharmacology of these drugs, the thrombotic risk according to the underlying disease, and the urgency in cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Evaluating such information and a rigorous monitoring of neurological symptoms after lumbar puncture are crucial to minimize the risk of hemorrhage associated neurological deficits. An individualized patient decision-making and an effective communication between the assistant physician and the responsible for conducting the lumbar puncture are essential to minimize potential risks.
RESUMO
O uso de anticoagulantes e de agentes antiplaquetários tem aumentado nos últimos anos. A realização de punção lombar diagnóstica em pacientes utilizando tais medicamentos representa um desafio, em função dos riscos de complicações hemorrágicas ou trombóticas, estas últimas em pacientes que interrompem o tratamento para a realização do procedimento. Não há ainda estudos controlados nem diretrizes específicas nesta área. Neste artigo de revisão, algumas recomendações são feitas, levando-se em conta aspectos farmacológicos destas medicações, o risco de complicações trombóticas de acordo com a doença de base, e a urgência na coleta do líquor. A avaliação cuidadosa destas informações e uma monitorização neurológica rigorosa visando a detecção e o tratamento precoce de complicações podem reduzir o risco de sequelas neurológicas decorrentes de hemorragia. Uma decisão individualizada e uma efetiva comunicação entre o médico assistente e o responsável pela realização da punção lombar é essencial para minimizar potenciais riscos.
Publikationsverlauf
Eingereicht: 20. Januar 2016
Angenommen: 25. Mai 2016
Artikel online veröffentlicht:
06. September 2023
© 2023. Academia Brasileira de Neurologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
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