Neurostimulation for epilepsy is a rapidly expanding field. Since the introduction
of vagus nerve stimulation more than 15 yr ago, there have been new developments in
the area, including deep brain stimulation (DBS) and responsive neurostimulation.
Both of these modalities now have class-I evidence supporting their use. The pivotal
trials for DBS and responsive neurostimulation will be summarized. Little is known
about the application of these new modalities in pediatric population. Case reports
and case series of DBS including pediatric population are summarized.
Keywords
Deep brain stimulation - responsive neurostimulation - neurostimulation - drug-resistant
epilepsy - seizures - epilepsy surgery
