CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Avicenna J Med 2015; 05(04): 110-116
DOI: 10.4103/2231-0770.165123
ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Risk factors associated with chronic low back pain in Syria

Mohammad Salem Alhalabi
Department of Neuroscience, Head of Integrated Neuroscience Center, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
,
Hassan Alhaleeb
Department of Neurology, University of Damascus, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus, Syria
,
Sarah Madani
Department of Neurology, University of Damascus, Faculty of Medicine, Damascus, Syria
› Author Affiliations
Financial support and sponsorship Nil.

Abstract

Background: We aimed to identify risk factors associated with chronic low back pain (C-LBP) in Syria. Materials and Methods: We conducted the study in a busy outpatient neurology clinic in Damascus city from October 2011 to August 2012. We enrolled all eligible adults presenting with C-LBP along with those who denied any back pain as a controls. We considered C-LBP any LBP lasting over 3 months. We developed our own questionnaire. A clinical nurse interviewed each person and filled in the results. Results: We had a total of 911 subjects; 513 patients and 398 controls. We found that C-LBP increased with age. Having a sibling with C-LBP was a strong predictor of C-LBP. In women obesity, but not overweight, was a risk factor. Number of children was a risk factor for mothers. Higher level of education decreased the chance of C-LBP in women. Sedentary job increased the risk of C-LBP. Conclusion: This study sheds some light on risk factors for C-LBP in our population and might help find possible preventive measures.



Publication History

Article published online:
09 August 2021

© 2015. Syrian American Medical Society. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd.
A-12, Second Floor, Sector -2, NOIDA -201301, India

 
  • References

  • 1 Brooks PM. The burden of musculoskeletal disease – A global perspective. Clin Rheumatol 2006;25:778-81.
  • 2 Hemingway H, Shipley M, Stansfeld S, Shannon H, Frank J, Brunner E, et al. Are risk factors for atherothrombotic disease associated with back pain sickness absence? The Whitehall II Study. J Epidemiol Community Health 1999;53:197-203.
  • 3 Freburger JK, Holmes GM, Agans RP, Jackman AM, Darter JD, Wallace AS, et al. The rising prevalence of chronic low back pain. Arch Intern Med 2009;169:251-8.
  • 4 Altinel L, Köse KC, Ergan V, Isik C, Aksoy Y, Ozdemir A, et al. The prevalence of low back pain and risk factors among adult population in Afyon region, Turkey. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc 2008;42:328-33.
  • 5 Mirtz TA, Greene L. Is obesity a risk factor for low back pain? An example of using the evidence to answer a clinical question. Chiropr Osteopat 2005;13:2.
  • 6 Leboeuf-Yde C. Body weight and low back pain. A systematic literature review of 56 journal articles reporting on 65 epidemiologic studies. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2000;25:226-37.
  • 7 Garzillo MJ, Garzillo TA. Does obesity cause low back pain? J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1994;17:601-4.
  • 8 Shiri R, Solovieva S, Husgafvel-Pursiainen K, Taimela S, Saarikoski LA, Huupponen R, et al. The association between obesity and the prevalence of low back pain in young adults: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Am J Epidemiol 2008;167:1110-9.
  • 9 Han TS, Schouten JS, Lean ME, Seidell JC. The prevalence of low back pain and associations with body fatness, fat distribution and height. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1997;21:600-7.
  • 10 Lean ME, Han TS, Seidell JC. Impairment of health and quality of life in people with large waist circumference. Lancet 1998;351:853-6.
  • 11 Yip YB, Ho SC, Chan SG. Tall stature, overweight and the prevalence of low back pain in Chinese middle-aged women. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2001;25:887-92.
  • 12 Toda Y, Segal N, Toda T, Morimoto T, Ogawa R. Lean body mass and body fat distribution in participants with chronic low back pain. Arch Intern Med 2000;160:3265-9.
  • 13 Björck-van Dijken C, Fjellman-Wiklund A, Hildingsson C. Low back pain, lifestyle factors and physical activity: A population based-study. J Rehabil Med 2008;40:864-9.
  • 14 Strine TW, Hootman JM. US national prevalence and correlates of low back and neck pain among adults. Arthritis Rheum 2007;57:656-65.
  • 15 Leboeuf-Yde C. Smoking and low back pain. A systematic literature review of 41 journal articles reporting 47 epidemiologic studies. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1999;24:1463-70.
  • 16 Bejia I, Younes M, Jamila HB, Khalfallah T, Ben Salem K, Touzi M, et al. Prevalence and factors associated to low back pain among hospital staff. Joint Bone Spine 2005;72:254-9.
  • 17 Khruakhorn S, Sritipsukho P, Siripakarn Y, Vachalathiti R. Prevalence and risk factors of low back pain among the university staff. J Med Assoc Thai 2010;93 Suppl 7:S142-8.
  • 18 Gilchrist IC. Psychiatric and social factors related to low-back pain in general practice. Rheumatol Rehabil 1976;15:101-7.
  • 19 Fujii T, Matsudaira K. Prevalence of low back pain and factors associated with chronic disabling back pain in Japan. Eur Spine J 2013;22:432-8.
  • 20 Matsui H, Maeda A, Tsuji H, Naruse Y. Risk indicators of low back pain among workers in Japan. Association of familial and physical factors with low back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1997;22:1242-7.
  • 21 Latza U, Kohlmann T, Deck R, Raspe H. Influence of occupational factors on the relation between socioeconomic status and self-reported back pain in a population-based sample of German adults with back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2000;25:1390-7.
  • 22 Lindell O, Johansson SE, Strender LE. Living conditions, including life style, in primary-care patients with nonacute, nonspecific spinal pain compared with a population-based sample: A cross-sectional study. Clin Epidemiol 2010;2:261-71.
  • 23 Bener A, Alwash R, Gaber T, Lovasz G. Obesity and low back pain. Coll Antropol 2003;27:95-104.
  • 24 Sanya AO, Omokhodion FO, Ogwumlke OO. Risk factors for low back pain among hospital workers in Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria. J Nigeria Soc Physiother 2005;15:31-4.
  • 25 Lu JL. Risk factors for low back pain among Filipino manufacturing workers and their anthropometric measurements. Appl Occup Environ Hyg 2003;18:170-6.
  • 26 Rozenberg S. Chronic low back pain: Definition and treatment. Rev Prat 2008;58:265-72.
  • 27 Janwantanakul P, Pensri P, Moolkay P, Jiamjarasrangsi W. Development of a risk score for low back pain in office workers – A cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2011;12:23.
  • 28 Parker ED, Pereira MA, Stevens J, Folsom AR. Association of hip circumference with incident diabetes and coronary heart disease: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Am J Epidemiol 2009;169:837-47.
  • 29 Andersson GB. Epidemiological features of chronic low-back pain. Lancet 1999;354:581-5.
  • 30 Lake JK, Power C, Cole TJ. Back pain and obesity in the 1958 British birth cohort. cause or effect? J Clin Epidemiol 2000;53:245-50.
  • 31 Shiri R, Karppinen J, Leino-Arjas P, Solovieva S, Viikari-Juntura E. The association between obesity and low back pain: A meta-analysis. Am J Epidemiol 2010;171:135-54.
  • 32 Kujala UM, Taimela S, Viljanen T, Jutila H, Viitasalo JT, Videman T, et al. Physical loading and performance as predictors of back pain in healthy adults. A 5-year prospective study. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1996;73:452-8.
  • 33 Tiwari RR, Saha A. An epidemiological study of low back pain among oil drilling workers in India. Toxicol Ind Health 2014;30:60-3.
  • 34 Seidell JC, Pérusse L, Després JP, Bouchard C. Waist and hip circumferences have independent and opposite effects on cardiovascular disease risk factors: The Quebec Family Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2001;74:315-21.