Histopathological study with immunohistochemical expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in placentas of hyperglycemic and diabetic women

Debashish Bhattacharjee; Santosh Kumar Mondal; Pratima Garain; Palash Mandal; Rudra Narayan Ray; Goutam Dey

doi:10.4103/JLP.JLP_148_16

Journal of Laboratory Physicians, Table of Contents

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · J Lab Physicians 2017; 9(04): 227-233
DOI: 10.4103/JLP.JLP_148_16

Original Article

Histopathological study with immunohistochemical expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in placentas of hyperglycemic and diabetic women

Authors

Debashish Bhattacharjee

Department of Pathology, Bankura Sammilani Medical College, Bankura, West Bengal, India
Santosh Kumar Mondal

Department of Pathology, Bankura Sammilani Medical College, Bankura, West Bengal, India
Pratima Garain

Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Bankura Sammilani Medical College, Bankura, West Bengal, India
Palash Mandal

Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Sagore Dutta Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Rudra Narayan Ray

Department of Pathology, Bankura Sammilani Medical College, Bankura, West Bengal, India
Goutam Dey

Department of Pathology, Bankura Sammilani Medical College, Bankura, West Bengal, India

Abstract

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Abstract

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Spectrum of hyperglycemia in pregnancy includes gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), mild hyperglycemia, and overt diabetes. Many authors have worked on morphological changes of the placenta in diabetes, but few studies have correlated histopathological changes with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) immunoexpression. The aim of this study was to detect different histopathological changes in various groups of diabetic placentas and to correlate with VEGF immunoexpression.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pregnant women were screened for diabetes. They were subsequently divided into normoglycemic (12 cases), GDM (33 cases), mild hyperglycemic (13 cases), and overt diabetes (18 cases). Placentas collected were subjected to histopathological examination. VEGF expressions were studied by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTS: Overt diabetic placenta displayed villous immaturity (44.4%), villous edema (38.9%), chorangiosis (61.1%), fibrinoid substance deposition (38.9%), and Hofbauer cell hyperplasia in 44.4% cases. GDM placentas displayed villous immaturity (45.5%), villous edema (45.5%), chorangiosis (42.4%), and fibrinoid substance deposition in 75.6% cases. Mild hyperglycemic placentas displayed villous immaturity (38.5%), chorangiosis (61.5%), and fibrinoid substance deposition in 61.5% cases. VEGF immunoexpression in GDM placentas was absent in all placental components except syncytiotrophoblast. VEGF expression in overt diabetic placentas was increased in syncytiotrophoblast and capillary endothelium compared to normoglycemic placentas. Mild hyperglycemic placentas expressed similar VEGF expression in all components when compared to normoglycemic controls. However, it displayed weak expression in vessel endothelium.

CONCLUSION: Histopathological changes in diabetic placentas might be a consequence of altered or abnormal VEGF expression in diabetic placentas. Pathogenesis and VEGF expression in GDM placentas are significantly different from overt diabetic placentas.

Key words

Gestational diabetic placentas - histopathology - vascular endothelial growth factor immunoexpression

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References

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