Spinal dysraphism illustrated; Embroyology revisited

Ullas V Acharya; Hima Pendharkar; Dandu R Varma; Nupur Pruthi; Shriram Varadarajan

doi:10.4103/ijri.IJRI_451_16

Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging, Table of Contents

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Indian J Radiol Imaging 2017; 27(04): 417-426
DOI: 10.4103/ijri.IJRI_451_16

Paediatric

Spinal dysraphism illustrated; Embroyology revisited

Authors

Ullas V Acharya

Department of Radiology, Manipal Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Hima Pendharkar

Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Dandu R Varma

Citi Neuro Centre, Mediciti Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Nupur Pruthi

Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Shriram Varadarajan

Department of Radiology, Christian Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India

Abstract

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Abstract

Spinal cord development occurs through three consecutive periods of gastrulation, primary nerulation and secondary neurulation. Aberration in these stages causes abnormalities of the spine and spinal cord, collectively referred as spinal dysraphism. They can be broadly classified as anomalies of gastrulation (disorders of notochord formation and of integration); anomalies of primary neurulation (premature dysjunction and nondysjunction); combined anomalies of gastrulation and primary neurulation and anomalies of secondary neurulation. Correlation with clinical and embryological data and common imaging findings provides an organized approach in their diagnosis.

Keywords

Embryology - illustrated - magnetic resonance imaging - spinal dysraphism

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References

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