Postoperative perforation and bleeding are serious complications of duodenal endoscopic
submucosal dissection (ESD) [1]. We previously described the reopenable clip over-the-line method (ROLM), a technique
used to close mucosal defects after ESD using a line and a reopenable clip [2]
[3]
[4]. However, large mucosal defects remain incompletely closed even after ROLM, as complete
closure is difficult to achieve. Therefore, we devised ROLM with muscle layer grasping
clips (ROLM-M), which completely closes the mucosal defect and muscle layer without
any dead space between the mucosa and muscle layers.
ROLM is a mucosal defect closure method that uses reopenable clips (Sureclip 8 mm;
Micro-Tech Co. Ltd., Nan Jing, China) and a line (nylon line, 0.22 mm). First, a reopenable
clip with a line is inserted through the accessory channel and attached to the distal
mucosal defect edges and muscles ([Fig. 1, ]
[Video 1]). Next, the line is passed through the tooth hole of a second reopenable clip, which
is also used to grasp the muscle layer together with the contralateral defect edge.
This process is repeated to close the defect. In the case of a large defect, ROLM
placement of a reopenable clip only on the muscle layer at the base of the ulcer will
eliminate the dead space and firmly fix the defect edge and muscle layer of the defect.
Fig. 1 Schema of the reopenable clip over-the-line method with muscle layer grasping clips
(ROLM-M). a A large mucosal defect (red arrow) after multiple ROLM closure. b ROLM placement of the reopenable clip on the central muscle layer of the mucosal
defect. c ROLM placement of the reopenable clip on the contralateral mucosal defect and the
nearby muscle layer. d Gradual closure of the mucosal defect by pulling the line, with no dead space between
the mucosa and muscle layers.
Video 1 Closure of an 80-mm duodenal mucosal defect using the reopenable clip over-the-line
method with muscle layer grasping clips.
The patient was a 67-year-old man with a 60-mm early duodenal cancer in the descending
duodenum ([Fig. 2]). We resected the tumor completely by ESD using a pocket creation method with a
calibrated, small-caliber tip, transparent hood [5]. The mucosal defect measured 80 mm in size. We used ROLM-M for complete closure.
The remaining line was fixed to the normal mucosa using the modified locking clip
technique, and the line was cut [4]. The patient was discharged without any adverse events.
Fig. 2 Closure of a mucosal defect using the reopenable clip over-the-line method with muscle
layer grasping clips (ROLM-M). a The early duodenal tumor 60 mm in size. b The defect, 80 mm in size, after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). c Gradual closure of the mucosal defect using ROLM. d The mucosal defect before applying muscle layer grasping clips. e A muscle layer grasping clip was used to grasp only the muscle layer. f The mucosal defect after reduction of the submucosal dead space following the use
of muscle layer grasping clips. g The completely closed post-ESD duodenal mucosal defect. h The mucosal defect 4 days after ESD. i The mucosal defect 21 days after ESD.
Endoscopy_UCTN_Code_TTT_1AO_2AI
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