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Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2014; 74(4): R21-R39
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1368362
GebFra-Weiterbildung | Refresher
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Typische Ultraschallbilder in der Gynäkologie

M. Elsässer
Frauenklinik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg
,
C. Sohn
Frauenklinik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History

Publication Date:
28 April 2014 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Die Transvaginalsonografie ist in der gynäkologischen Praxis ein wichtiges diagnostisches Mittel, um sich neben der bimanuellen Tastuntersuchung ein Bild des kleinen Beckens und des inneren Genitales zu verschaffen. Die Einsatzgebiete dieser Untersuchung bei Frauen mit Unterbauchschmerzen, Blutungsstörungen, in Frühschwangerschaften, zur Operationsplanung bei Uterusmyomen oder zur Abklärung weiblicher Infertilität sind klar definiert. Dagegen verliert die Transvaginalsonografie unter Berücksichtigung der aktuellen Datenlage immer mehr an Bedeutung, was ihren möglichen Platz im Screening auf ein Endometrium- oder Ovarialkarzinom betrifft. Hier wird der fehlende Einfluss auf eine Verringerung der krankheitsspezifischen Mortalität durch große randomisierte Studien untermauert. Dies mag selbstverständlich für das Gesamtkollektiv zutreffen – inwiefern dies jedoch für die einzelne Patientin nachvollziehbar ist, wenn ihre Ovarialkarzinomerkrankung erst aufgrund einer klinischen Symptomatik zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt erkannt wird, bleibt fraglich.

Neben der herkömmlichen 2-D- bzw. B-Bild-Sonografie (2-D: 2-dimensional, B-Bild: 2-dimensionales Schnittbild) zur Diagnostik wird es in Zukunft durch die statische 3-D-Sonografie des kleinen Beckens und auch therapeutische Einsatzgebiete des Ultraschalls zu einer Erweiterung der Einsatzgebiete dieser Methode kommen.

 

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