β-secretase inhibitors from sesame seeds and turmeric rhizomes

K Murata; S Matsumura; Y Yoshioka; N Zaima; M Morimoto; H Matsuda

doi:10.1055/s-0036-1596898

Planta Medica, Table of Contents

Planta Med 2016; 82(S 01): S1-S381
DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1596898

Abstracts

Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

β-secretase inhibitors from sesame seeds and turmeric rhizomes

Authors

K Murata

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3 – 4-1 Kowakae, 577 – 8502 Higashiosaka, Japan
S Matsumura

²INABATA KORYO CO., LTD., 3 – 5-20 Tagawa, Yodogawaku, 532 – 0027 Osaka, Japan
Y Yoshioka

²INABATA KORYO CO., LTD., 3 – 5-20 Tagawa, Yodogawaku, 532 – 0027 Osaka, Japan
N Zaima

³Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, 3327 – 204 Nakamachi, 631 – 8505 Nara, Japan
M Morimoto

³Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, 3327 – 204 Nakamachi, 631 – 8505 Nara, Japan
H Matsuda

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, 3 – 4-1 Kowakae, 577 – 8502 Higashiosaka, Japan

Abstract

Full Text

In the research program for exploring effective plant material for dementia, authors found that the extracts from spices and herbs used mainly in Asian countries possess β-secretase. Firstly, we focused on curry spices, which are inspired by the low numbers of dementia patients in Asian countries [1]. Among the samples tested, ethyl acetate extracts of turmeric rhizome, black pepper fruit and curry leaf showed potent inhibitory activities on β-secretase [2]. In our extended studies, hexane extract of turmeric (rhizome) and ethyl acetate extract of sesame (seed) possessed relatively high inhibitory activities as 82.5% and 39.0% of inhibitions at 250 µg/mL, respectively [3]. The active principles were disclosed as turmerones and sesamins (indicated in figure below). Curcuminoids from turmeric (rhizome) have been reported to possess inhibitory activities on β-secretase, while more low polar compounds, turmerones, showed more potent activity. Sesamin has known as one of the effective functional ingredients in Japan. However, we found that sesamolin would be a more useful ingredient in β-secretase inhibition. Preliminary absorption experiments were also conducted in order to demonstrate the transition of these compounds to brain in intact form at reasonable levels. As results, 30 mg/head oral administration to mice led to the detection of α-turmerone, β-turmerone and ar- turmerone in cerebrum at 362, 640 and 117 ng/g, respectively. On the other hand, 50 mg/head oral administration of sesamin and sesamolin to mice led to detect in cerebrum at 54 and 305 ng/g, respectively. From these results, turmeric and sesame may have played an important role as agents for prevention of dementia in daily consumption.

Keywords: Dementia, β-secretase, acetylcholinesterase, sesame, turmeric.

References:

[1] Chandra V, Pandav R, Dodge HH, Johnston JM, Belle SH, DeKosky ST, Ganguli M. Incidence of Alzheimer's disease in a rural community in India. Neurology 2001; 57: 985 – 989

[2] Murata K, Matsumura S, Yoshioka Y, Ueno Y, Matsuda H. Screening of β-secretase and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from plant resources. J Nat Med 2015; 69: 123 – 129

[3] Matsumura S, Murata K, Yoshioka Y, Matsuda H. Search for β-secretase inhibitors from natural spices. Nat Prod Comm 2016; 11: 507 – 510

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