Introduction:
Aim of the study was to estimate incidence of laryngeal carcinoma in the Canton of
Sarajevo in 2017, mean age of disease onset, distribution of T stages, histological
findings and treatment options.
Methods:
Retrospectively study based on data from medical records of patients treated in ENT
clinic in Clinical Center University of Sarajevo, with standard statistical analysis.
Results:
Study included 66 patients, 49 males (79%) and 13 females (20.9%), mean age 63. Glottic
carcinomas represent the majority of laryngeal cancers 31 (50%), followed by transglottic
17 (27.4%), supraglottic 13 (20.9%) and subglottic 1 (1.6%). Different dysplastic
lesions (ranging from squamous hyperplasia to carcinoma in situ) were found in 18
(29%), and 44 (70.9%) were malignancies. The vast majority of these malignancies are
squamous cell carcinomas detected in 42 cases (95.4%), a adenocarcinoma and 1 B-cell
lymphoma (2.27%). At the time of first diagnosis, 6 patients (13.6%) were in stage
T1, 14 (31.8%) in T2, 13 (29.5%) in T3 and 11 (25%) in T4. Surgical therapy performed
in 26 patients (59%); in 13 cases of that (29.5%) were open partial laryngeal resection
procedures (7 partial laryngectomy alone, and 6 with neck dissection); and also in
13 (29.5%) performed total laryngectomy, all with neck dissections. Combined surgical
and oncology procedure performed in 19 cases (43.2%), and oncology procedure alone
in 11 (25%).
Conclusions:
Incidence of laryngeal carcinoma in the Canton of Sarajevo in the previous year was
about 9 new cases per 100.000, which ranks this area in higher incidence. It should
be concerned that the majority of laryngeal cancer cases are diagnosed in an advanced
stage, which significantly reduces the curability and survival rate.
