To improve surgical maneuvers within the narrow and deep surgical field, we introduced
steerable forceps, of which the tip can be bent and rotated.
The forceps provided high range of maneuverability and demonstrated high tracking
performance reaching the lesion compartment, which was difficult to access with the
conventional rigid instruments.
The endoscopic endonasal surgery using the steerable forceps has the aspect of robotic
surgery and can be considered as the next generation.
