Application of the “Body Image Scale” (BIS) questionnaire among oncology patients at a public hospital in the state of Goiás

Keywords

body image perception - quality of life in cancer - impact of body image on cancer

Body image is of paramount importance to quality of life, particularly for oncology patients who experience various invasive modifications as a result of their disease or its treatment. These modifications may include alopecia, weight changes, surgical scars, among others. Monitoring the patient's relationship with their body image is essential for identifying individuals who may require specialized care. The objective of this study is to evaluate body image perceptions using the Body Image Scale (BIS) questionnaire among patients with malignant neoplasms receiving care at a public hospital in the state of Goiás. This cross-sectional study assessed body image among cancer patients through the administration of the BIS questionnaire. The BIS is a validated instrument in Brazil that focuses on capturing affective dimensions related to body image and is widely employed in the context of various other diseases. The study sample consisted of 302 oncology patients undergoing treatment or follow-up at the Clinical Oncology Service of a public healthcare facility in Goiás. The sample included adults of both sexes, aged 18 years and older, who were attending the service during the study period. Patients who were physically or psychologically unable to respond, those under 18 years of age, and those who declined to participate were excluded from the study. Data collection was conducted in person at the oncology service during routine consultations, hospitalizations, or chemotherapy sessions. Of the 302 patients, 196 (65%) were female and 106 (35%) were male, with a mean age of 58 years. Patients with neoplasms in 25 distinct anatomical sites were evaluated, with breast cancer being the most prevalent, representing 144 (48%) of the participants. Preliminary analysis revealed a higher incidence of negative body image perception among female patients and those experiencing permanent bodily alterations due to the disease or its treatment. In conclusion, the quality of life of oncology patients is a critical factor in the effectiveness of their treatment. Therefore, body image assessment is essential and should be incorporated into patient evaluations, as cancer treatment is invasive and can significantly alter body image perception. When not addressed, these alterations may lead to psychological distress and a deterioration in overall health, thereby impacting treatment outcomes.

Corresponding author: Deborah Branco Ferreira Perilo (e-mail: [e-mail]).