Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung: Ziel des Artikels ist es, einen Überblick über aktuelle Projekte zur Qualitätsmessung
im Krankenhaus zu geben, auf die unterschiedlichen Dimensionen der Qualität in der
Krankenhausversorgung hinzuweisen und Ansätze der WHO zur Leistungsbewertung von Krankenhäusern
vorzustellen. Methodik: Es wurde eine Literaturübersicht zu Projekten zur Leistungsbewertung von Krankenhäusern
durchgeführt und Projekte in ihren Kernkriterien dargestellt. Zwei aktuelle Projekte
der WHO werden beschrieben und in Bezug auf den Einsatz von Standards und Indikatoren
zur Messung der Versorgungsqualität im Krankenhaus diskutiert. Ergebnisse: Hinsichtlich der Konzeption eines Leistungsbewertungsmodells von Krankenhäusern besteht
keinesfalls Konsens; vielmehr existieren viele unterschiedliche Modelle, die sich
dahingehend unterscheiden, welche Qualitätsdimension erfasst werden, welche Methode
zur Qualitätsmessung angewandt wird und wie die gewonnenen Informationen genutzt werden.
Schlussfolgerung: Es besteht ein hoher Druck auf Krankenhäuser, transparenter zu werden und Leistungseinkäufern,
Politikern und Bürgern Informationen darüber zu liefern, welche Leistungen in welcher
Qualität erbracht werden. Unterschiedliche Zielgruppen benötigen unterschiedliche
Informationen, und die Leistungsbewertung von Krankenhäusern sollte nicht nur auf
rein klinische Ergebnisse limitiert sein, sondern auch wichtige Querschnittsthemen
wie die Patienten-, Mitarbeiter- und Gemeindeorientierung berücksichtigen.
Abstract
Aim: It is the aim of the article to provide an overview on current indicator projects
to measure hospital quality, to point at the different dimensions of quality in hospitals
and to present approaches of WHO to assess hospital performance. Methods: A literature review on projects to assess hospital performance was carried out and
projects are described in their core characteristics. Two current projects of WHO
are described and discussed with regard to the use of standards and indicators to
measure hospital performance. Results: Existing models to measure hospital performance differ concerning the quality dimensions
considered, the methods used to assess quality and the use and application of information
generated by performance measurement. Conclusion: There is great pressure on hospitals to become more transparent and to provide purchasers,
politicians and citizens with information on the quality of care. Different stakeholders
require different information and performance measurement should hence not be restricted
on clinical effectiveness, but also embrace issues such as patient, staff and community
orientation.
Schlüsselwörter
Krankenhaus - Qualitätsmanagement - Indikatoren - Standards - Leistungsbewertung -
internationaler Überblick - WHO
Key words
Hospital - quality management - indicators - standards - performance measurement -
international overview - WHO
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Oliver Groene
Technical Officer Hospitals Programme, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Division of
Country Support
Marc Aureli 22 - 36
08006 Barcelona, Spanien
Email: ogr@es.euro.who.int
