Die Wirkung von kurzen oberkörperspezifischen Bewegungs- und Trainingsinterventionen am Arbeitsplatz auf die Parameter Schmerz und Kraft

Zusammenfassung

Das systematische Review untersucht die Auswirkungen von oberkörperspezifischen Kurzinterventionen am Arbeitsplatz auf muskuloskelettale Schmerzen sowie den muskulären Kraftzuwachs.

Es wurde eine systematische Literaturrecherche in den Datenbanken PubMed und Google Scholar durchgeführt; eingeschlossen wurden ausschließlich randomisierte kontrollierte Studien. Als Interventionsdauer wurden mindestens 4 Wochen definiert und eine Einheit sollte zwischen 10 und 20 Minuten bei einem maximalen Wochenumfang von 75 Minuten betragen. Insgesamt wurden 16 Studien – unterteilt in 11 Cluster – eingeschlossen, welche die Auswirkungen von Kurzinterventionen auf die Variablen Kraft und Schmerz beschreiben. Alle neun Cluster die den Schmerz als Parameter beinhalten, beschreiben eine schmerzreduzierende Wirkung durch Bewegung und Training in mindestens einer der berücksichtigten Körperregionen. Ebenso wurde in neun der zehn Cluster, die den Parameter Stärke betrachteten, eine Kraftzunahme beschrieben. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass selbst kurze Bewegungs- und Trainingsinterventionen einen positiven Effekt auf die untersuchten Parameter haben. Jedoch weisen die Studien eine große Heterogenität auf, sodass weitere Forschungsvorhaben notwendig sind.

Summary

The systematic review examines the effects of upper-body specific short interventions at the workplace on musculoskeletal pain and muscular strength gain.

A systematic literature search was conducted in the databases PubMed and Google Scholar for randomized controlled studies (RCT). The intervention duration was defined as at least four weeks and one training session should be between 10 and 20  minutes with a maximum weekly load of 75  minutes. A total of 16 studies (divided into 11 clusters) were included, describing the effects of short interventions on the variables strength and pain. All nine clusters that include pain as a parameter describe a pain-reducing effect through training in at least one of the body areas considered by movement and training. Also, in nine of the ten clusters that considered the parameter strength, an increase in strength was described. The results highlight that even short movement and training interventions have a positive effect on the examined parameters. However, the studies show high heterogeneity, therefore further research projects are necessary.

Stichworte

Kurzintervention - körperliche Aktivität - Training - Bewegung - Arbeitsplatz - Kraft - Schmerz - betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung

Key words

Short intervention - physical activity - training - movement - workplace - strength - pain - occupational health promotion

*Die Autoren sind gleichwertige Erstautoren.

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