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Sportverletz Sportschaden 2020; 34(02): 79-83
DOI: 10.1055/a-1028-8644
Originalarbeit
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Performance Determinants in Short (68 km) and Long (121 km) Mountain Ultra-Marathon Races

Leistungsbestimmende Faktoren bei kurzen (68 km) und langen (121 km) Berg-Ultramarathon-Wettkämpfen
Hannes Gatterer    *
1   Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
2   Department of Sport Science, University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
,
Simon Rauch
1   Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
2   Department of Sport Science, University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
,
Emily Procter
1   Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
,
Giacomo Strapazzon
1   Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
,
Kai Schenk
1   Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
2   Department of Sport Science, University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History

Publication Date:
06 April 2020 (online)

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Abstract

Background Standard performance parameters measured during a laboratory test have been shown to be related to mountain ultra-marathon performance up to a competition length of 75 km. It is not known if a similar relationship exists for longer races.

Objective This study aimed to investigate the association between laboratory-based performance parameters and performance times in a short (68 km) and a long (121 km) mountain ultra-marathon.

Materials and Methods Eleven male finishers of the short race and seven male finishers of the long race were investigated. Participants performed an incremental exercise test to exhaustion in the 2 weeks prior to the event. During the event, the heart rate was monitored and finishing times were registered.

Results The maximal oxygen consumption and the oxygen uptake at the ventilatory thresholds 1 and 2 were related to performance time during the short run (~12h; r = –0.764 up to r = –0.782; p < 0.05), but there was no correlation during the long race (~28h; r = –0.107 to 0.357; p > 0.05).

Conclusions This study shows that physical fitness parameters established in a laboratory setting determine competition completion times in ultra-mountain marathon events lasting for ~12 h. During longer races, i. e. ~28 h, other factors not established in the present investigation, such as experience, race strategy, coping with pain and fatigue resistance, may be important for performance.

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund Die Wettkampfleistung während Berg-Ultramarathons mit kurzen Wettkampflängen bis zu 75 km steht in Zusammenhang mit den im Labor bestimmten Leistungsparametern (z. B. mit der maximalen Sauerstoffaufnahme). Es ist nicht bekannt, ob längere Wettkämpfe eine ähnliche Beziehung aufweisen.

Fragestellung Die Studie zielte darauf ab, den Zusammenhang zwischen laborbasierten Leistungsparametern und den Laufzeiten eines kurzen (68 km) und eines langen (121 km) Berg-Ultramarathons zu untersuchen.

Material und Methoden 11 männliche Teilnehmer der kurzen und 7 männliche Teilnehmer der langen Laufstrecke wurden untersucht. Alle Teilnehmer absolvierten in den 2 Wochen vor dem Wettkampf einen Ausbelastungstest am Laufband. Während des Marathons wurden die Herzfrequenz aufgezeichnet und die Endzeiten registriert.

Ergebnisse Die maximale Sauerstoffaufnahme und die Sauerstoffaufnahme an den Belastungsschwellen 1 und 2 korrelierten mit der Laufzeit während des kurzen Wettkampfs (~12h; r = –0,764 bis r = –0,782; p < 0,05), zeigten aber keine Korrelation während des langen Berg-Ultramarathons (~28 h; r = –0,107 bis 0,357; p > 0,05).

Schlussfolgerung Diese Studie zeigt, dass die im Labor bestimmten Leistungsparameter mit der Wettkampfzeit bei Berg-Ultramarathon-Events mit einer Dauer von ~12 h in Zusammenhang stehen. Bei längeren Laufzeiten, d. h. ~28 h, scheinen andere Faktoren, die in der vorliegenden Untersuchung nicht bestimmt wurden, wie zum Beispiel Erfahrung, Rennstrategie, Umgang mit Schmerzen und Ermüdungsresistenz, für die Leistung ausschlaggebend zu sein.

Key words

trail running - eccentric exercise - fatigue - exercise testing - muscle damage - endurance running

Schlüsselwörter

Berglauf - exzentrische Muskelarbeit - Ermüdung - Leistungsdiagnostik - Muskelkater - Muskelschädigung

* Corresponding author.


 

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