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Semin Neurol 2009; 29(1): 036-044
DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1124021
© Thieme Medical Publishers

Disorders of the Trigeminal System

Marie C. Gonella1 , Nancy J. Fischbein2 , Yuen T. So1
  • 1Department of Neurology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California
  • 2Department of Radiology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
12 February 2009 (online)

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ABSTRACT

The management of patients with trigeminal system dysfunction requires an understanding of the system's complex anatomy, which extends from peripheral nerve endings, through the skull base, cavernous sinus (V1, V2 only), and trigeminal ganglion, to the intraaxial nuclei, tracts, and cerebral cortex. The differential diagnosis is broad. Seemingly minor facial sensory loss may indicate an underlying malignancy (as in numb-chin syndrome). Painful syndromes of the trigeminal nerve are numerous and require careful categorization. Understanding trigeminal system anatomy and the appropriate use of imaging and electrodiagnostics should aid in the diagnosis and treatment of these disorders.

KEYWORDS

Trigeminal nerve - cranial nerve - fifth nerve - neuralgia - neuropathy

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Yuen T SoM.D. Ph.D. 

Department of Neurology, Stanford University Medical Center

300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305-5235

Email: ytso@stanford.edu

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