Typ–1–Diabetes bei Kindern und Jugendlichen – Aktuelles zur Therapie

Typ–1–Diabetes ist bei Kindern mit Abstand der häufigste Diabetestyp. Die Behandlung muss von Anfang an mit Insulin oder Insulin–Analoga erfolgen. Die intensivierte Insulintherapie, sei es in Form von multiplen Insulininjektionen oder mittels kontinuierlicher subkutaner Insulininfusion (Insulinpumpentherapie), ist heute Standard in der pädiatrischen Diabetologie. Die Insulintherapie muss individuell angepasst werden und das Alter, den Entwicklungsstand und das familiäre Umfeld berücksichtigen. Insulin–Analoga stellen eine wichtige Ergänzung in der Insulintherapie dar und ermöglichen eine differenziertere Therapie. Eine altersangepasste Schulung und Betreuung der Kinder und ihrer Eltern durch ein pädiatrisches Diabetesteam ist aber unabhängig von der Art und Weise der Insulintherapie die wichtigste Vorraussetzung für eine erfolgreiche Diabetesbehandlung.

Type 1 diabetes is the most frequent subtype of diabetes mellitus in childhood and adolescence. Treatment with insulin or insulin–analogues must be started as soon as possible after diagnosis. Intensified insulin therapy either by multiple daily injections or by insulin pump treatment has become standard therapy in pediatric diabetology. Insulin treatment needs to be individualized in each patient and should include the consideration of the age, maturation, and the familial resources. Insulin analogues are to date an important complement in insulin therapy and allow differentiated therapeutic regimens. Irrespectively of the insulin regimen chosen, it must be supported by education appropriate for the age and the needs of the child and its family.

Key words

Type 1 diabetes - children - insulin treatment - insulin pump treatment - education

Literatur

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