Hypopigmenting Activity of Bisabolangelone Isolated from Angelica koreana Maxim. in α-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone-Activated B16 or Melan-a Cells

Abstract

Tyrosinase is a key enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of melanin pigments. Abnormal accumulation of melanin pigments causes melasma, freckles, and senile lentigo, which can be substantially ameliorated by treatment with arbutin or other tyrosinase inhibitors. In this study, roots of Angelica koreana Maxim. (Umbelliferae) inhibited melanin production in α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-activated B16 melanoma cells or melan-a melanocytes. To elucidate the hypopigmenting principle of A. koreana, the plant extracts were subjected to bioassay-guided phytochemical analysis, resulting in the identification of bisabolangelone. Bisabolangelone dose-dependently inhibited α-MSH-induced melanin production in B16 or melan-a cells with IC₅₀ values of 9–17 µM. The positive control arbutin also inhibited melanin production in B16 cells with an IC₅₀ value of 317 µM. Bisabolangelone suppressed α-MSH-inducible protein levels of tyrosinase in B16 cells but could not significantly inhibit the catalytic activity of cell-free tyrosinase. Taken together, this study indicates that bisabolangelone is the primary hypopigmenting principle of A. koreana and may have pharmacological potential in the melanin-associated hyperpigmentation disorders.

Key words

Angelica koreana Maxim. - Umbelliferae - bisabolangelone - melanin pigments - tyrosinase - hypopigmenting activity

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