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Anästhesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 2013; 48(6): 424-428
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1349008
Management
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Flug- und Höhenmedizin für Anästhesisten – Teil 4: Menschliches Leistungsvermögen und Crew-Resource-Management

Aviation and high-altitude medicine for anaesthetists – Part 4: Human Performance Limitations and Crew Resource Management
Martin Egerth
,
Stefan Pump
,
Jürgen Graf
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
04 July 2013 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Für Piloten und Ärzte sowie eine Vielzahl anderer Berufsgruppen und Tätigkeitsfelder spielt die Kenntnis des eigenen Leistungsvermögens und das Wissen um deren Limitationen v.a. in kritischen Situationen eine herausragende Rolle. Crew-Resource-Management wurde in den 1980er-Jahren in Bereichen der Luftfahrt entwickelt, um hier eine systematische Ausbildung und Unterstützung gewährleisten zu können. Zusehends wird der Wert nicht nur in anderen Hochsicherheitsindustrien, sondern auch in der Medizin erkannt.

Abstract

For pilots and doctors, as well as a variety of other professions the knowledge of human performance limitations is essential, especially in critical situations. Crew resource management was developed in the 1980s in the aviation industry in order to ensure systematic training and support in such instances. Just recently, the value is recognized not only in other high reliability organizations but also in medicine.

Kernaussagen

  • Der „Faktor Mensch“ ist häufig unmittelbar an Fehlern beteiligt.

  • Dabei lassen sich Unfälle oder Zwischenfälle meist auf Unzulänglichkeiten in folgenden Bereichen zurückführen: Kommunikation, Standards, Teamarbeit, Entscheidungsfindung, Hierarchie und Stress.

  • Die Kenntnis der Grenzen der eigenen Leistungsfähigkeit ist unabdingbar.

  • Mithilfe von Crew-Resource-Management (CRM) sollen sich die Teilnehmer ihrer Stärken und Schwächen bewusst werden und neue alternative Verhaltensweisen für ihren Berufsalltag kennenlernen. CRM ersetzt dabei weder Können noch Kompetenz.

  • Es gibt Hinweise darauf, dass mithilfe von CRM Fehler und Zwischenfällen auch in der Medizin reduziert werden können.

Schlüsselworte:

menschliche Leistungsfähigkeit - Luftfahrt - Sicherheit - Crew-Resource-Management

Keywords:

human performance - aviation - safety - crew resource management

Ergänzendes Material

 

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