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Semin Thromb Hemost 2014; 40(01): 072-080
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1363470
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

New Insights into the Role of Erythrocytes in Thrombus Formation

Vivian X. Du
1   Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
2   Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
,
Dana Huskens
3   Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands
4   Synapse BV, Maastricht, The Netherlands
,
Coen Maas
1   Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
,
Raed Al Dieri
3   Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands
4   Synapse BV, Maastricht, The Netherlands
,
Philip G. de Groot
1   Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
,
Bas de Laat
1   Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
2   Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
3   Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands
4   Synapse BV, Maastricht, The Netherlands
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
19 December 2013 (online)

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Abstract

The role of erythrocytes in thrombus formation has previously been regarded as passive by their influence on rheology. Erythrocytes are known, due to their abundance and size, to push platelets to the vascular wall (laminar shearing). This results in an increased platelet delivery at the vascular wall enabling platelets to seal off a vascular damage preventing excessive blood loss. Recently, there is new evidence for erythrocytes to influence thrombus formation in multiple ways besides their effect on rheology. Several groups have shown that besides platelets, erythrocytes are the main suppliers of phosphatidylserine-exposing membranes needed for coagulation resulting in fibrin formation. In addition, our group has found that the intercellular adhesion molecule 4–αIIbβ3 interaction mediates erythrocyte–platelet interaction in flowing blood. By inhibiting this interaction, we found decreased thrombin formation and decreased incorporation of erythrocytes into a thrombus. This review will provide more in-detail information of existing and new hypotheses regarding the role of erythrocytes in thrombus formation.

Keywords

erythrocyte - thrombosis - hemostasis - coagulation - thrombin
 

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