Download PDF
Z Gastroenterol 2015; 53(01): 46-52
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1385760
Übersicht
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Sonografie nach Lebertransplantation

Ultrasound after liver transplantation
M.- W. Welker
1   Medizinische Klinik 1, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main
,
M. Friedrich-Rust
2   Medizinische Klinik I, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

28 June 2014

23 November 2014

Publication Date:
16 January 2015 (online)

Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Zusammenfassung

Organspezifische Komplikationen nach Lebertransplantation können in vaskuläre, biliäre und sonstige (z. B. Infektionen, Hämatom, Malignom, Rejektion) unterteilt werden. Diese Zusammenfassung gibt eine Übersicht über den Stellenwert der Sonografie nach Lebertransplantation.

Abstract

Graft specific complications after liver transplantation may be classified as vascular, biliar, and miscellaneous. This review provides an overview on sonography after liver transplantation.

Schlüsselwörter

Lebertransplantation - Sonografie - A.-hepatica-Stenose - Elastografie

Key words

liver transplantation - sonography - hepatic artery stenosis - elastography
 

  • Literatur

  • 1 Schoening WN, Buescher N, Rademacher S et al. Twenty-year longitudinal follow-up after orthotopic liver transplantation: a single-center experience of 313 consecutive cases. Am J Transpl 2013; 13: 2384-2394
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Schrem H, Till N, Becker T et al. Long-term results after liver transplantation. Chirurg 2008; 79: 121-129
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Bekker J, Ploem S, de Jong KP. Early hepatic artery thrombosis after liver transplantation: a systematic review of the incidence, outcome and risk factors. Am J Transpl 2009; 9: 746-757
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Pérez-Saborido B, Pacheco-Sánchez D, Barrera-Rebollo A et al. Incidence, management, and results of vascular complications after liver transplantation. Transpl Proc 2011; 43: 749-750
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Akun E, Yaprak O, Killi R et al. Vascular complications in hepatic transplantation: single-center experience in 14 years. Transpl Proc 2012; 44: 1368-1372
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 García-Criado A, Gilabert R, Salmerón JM et al. Significance of and contributing factors for a high resistive index on Doppler sonography of the hepatic artery immediately after surgery: prognostic implications for liver transplant recipients. Am J Roentgenol 2003; 181: 831-838
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Lafortune M, Patriquin H. The hepatic artery: studies using Doppler sonography. Ultrasound Q 1999; 15: 9-26
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 García-Criado A, Gilabert R, Berzigotti A et al. Doppler ultrasound findings in the hepatic artery shortly after liver transplantation. Am J Roentgenol 2009; 193: 128-135
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Frongillo F, Grossi U, Lirosi MC et al. Incidence, management, and results of hepatic artery stenosis after liver transplantation in the era of donor to recipient match. Transpl Proc 2013; 45: 2722-2725
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 De Candia A, Como G, Tedeschi L et al. Color Doppler sonography of hepatic artery reconstruction in liver transplantation. J Clin Ultrasound 2002; 30: 12-17
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Han H, Liu R, Wang WP et al. Postoperative haemodynamic changes in transplanted liver: Long-term follow-up with ultrasonography. J Int Med Res 2014; 42: 849-856
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Roberts JH, Mazzariol FS, Frank SJ et al. Multimodality imaging of normal hepatic transplant vasculature and graft vascular complications. J Clin Imaging Sci 2011; 1: 50
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Mullan CP, Siewert B, Kane RA et al. Can Doppler sonography discern between hemodynamically significant and insignificant portal vein stenosis after adult liver transplantation?. Am J Roentgenol 2010; 195: 1438-1443
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Singh AK, Nachiappan AC, Verma HA et al. Postoperative imaging in liver transplantation: what radiologists should know. Radiographics 2010; 30: 339-351
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Tzakis AG, Gordon RD, Shaw BW et al. Clinical presentation of hepatic artery thrombosis after liver transplantation in the cyclosporine era. Transplantation 1985; 40: 667-671
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Langnas AN, Marujo W, Stratta RJ et al. Vascular complications after orthotopic liver transplantation. Am J Surg 1991; 161: 76-82 ; discussion 82–83
    Google Scholar
  • 17 Lemmens HP, Neumann U, Bechstein WO et al. Incidence and outcome of arterial complications after orthotopic liver transplantation. Transpl Int 1996; 9 (Suppl. 01) S178-S181
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Singh AK, Nachiappan AC, Verma HA et al. Postoperative imaging in liver transplantation: what radiologists should know. Radiographics 2010; 30: 339-351
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Wozney P, Zajko AB, Bron KM et al. Vascular complications after liver transplantation: a 5-year experience. Am J Roentgenol 1986; 147: 657-663
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Abbasoglu O, Levy MF, Testa G et al. Does intraoperative hepatic artery flow predict arterial complications after liver transplantation?. Transplantation 1998; 66: 598-601
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Drazan K, Shaked A, Olthoff KM et al. Etiology and management of symptomatic adult hepatic artery thrombosis after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Am Surg 1996; 62: 237-240
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Sidhu PS, Shaw AS, Ellis SM et al. Microbubble ultrasound contrast in the assessment of hepatic artery patency following liver transplantation: role in reducing frequency of hepatic artery arteriography. Eur Radiol 2004; 14: 21-30
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Berstad AE, Brabrand K, Foss A. Clinical utility of microbubble contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of hepatic artery occlusion after liver transplantation. Transpl Int 2009; 22: 954-960
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Lu Q, Zhong XF, Huang ZX et al. Role of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in decision support for diagnosis and treatment of hepatic artery thrombosis after liver transplantation. Eur J Radiol 2012; 81: e338-e343
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Rennert J, Dornia C, Georgieva M et al. Identification of early complications following liver transplantation using contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). First results. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis 2012; 21: 407-412
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Dodd GD, Memel DS, Zajko AB et al. Hepatic artery stenosis and thrombosis in transplant recipients: Doppler diagnosis with resistive index and systolic acceleration time. Radiology 1994; 192: 657-661
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Sánchez-Bueno F, Robles R, Ramírez P et al. Hepatic artery complications after liver transplantation. Clin Transpl 1994; 8: 399-404
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Rinaldi P, Inchingolo R, Giuliani M et al. Hepatic artery stenosis in liver transplantation: imaging and interventional treatment. Eur J Radiol 2012; 81: 1110-1115
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Tamsel S, Demirpolat G, Killi R et al. Vascular complications after liver transplantation: evaluation with Doppler US. Abdom Imaging 2007; 32: 339-347
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Platt JF, Yutzy GG, Bude RO et al. Use of Doppler sonography for revealing hepatic artery stenosis in liver transplant recipients. Am J Roentgenol 1997; 168: 473-476
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Sidhu PS, Ellis SM, Karani JB et al. Hepatic artery stenosis following liver transplantation: significance of the tardus parvus waveform and the role of microbubble contrast media in the detection of a focal stenosis. Clin Radiol 2002; 57: 789-799
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Vit A, De Candia A, Como G et al. Doppler evaluation of arterial complications of adult orthotopic liver transplantation. J Clin Ultrasound 2003; 31: 339-345
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 De Gaetano AM, Cotroneo AR, Maresca G et al. Color Doppler sonography in the diagnosis and monitoring of arterial complications after liver transplantation. J Clin Ultrasound 2000; 28: 373-380
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Maceneaney PM, Malone DE, Skehan SJ et al. The role of hepatic arterial Doppler ultrasound after liver transplantation: an “audit cycle” evaluation. Clin Radiol 2000; 55: 517-524
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Choi EK, Lu DSK, Park SH et al. Doppler US for suspicion of hepatic arterial ischemia in orthotopically transplanted livers: role of central versus intrahepatic waveform analysis. Radiology 2013; 267: 276-284
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Urbani L, Morelli L, Campatelli A et al. False positive tardus-parvus waveforms after liver transplantation: a case of wide discrepancy between donor and recipient hepatic arteries mimicking anastomotic stenosis. Transpl Proc 2008; 40: 3816-3818
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Park YS, Kim KW, Lee SJ et al. Hepatic arterial stenosis assessed with doppler US after liver transplantation: frequent false-positive diagnoses with tardus parvus waveform and value of adding optimal peak systolic velocity cutoff. Radiology 2011; 260: 884-891
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 38 Perrakis A, Förtsch T, Niebling N et al. The diagnostic value of systolic acceleration time and resistive index as noninvasive modality for detection of graft rejection after orthotopic liver transplantation. Transplantat Proc 2013; 45: 1961-1965
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 39 Luo Y, Fan YT, Lu Q et al. CEUS: a new imaging approach for postoperative vascular complications after right-lobe LDLT. World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15: 3670-3675
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 40 Zheng RQ, Mao R, Ren J et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound for the evaluation of hepatic artery stenosis after liver transplantation: potential role in changing the clinical algorithm. Liver Transpl 2010; 16: 729-735
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 41 Marshall MM, Muiesan P, Srinivasan P et al. Hepatic artery pseudoaneurysms following liver transplantation: incidence, presenting features and management. Clin Radiol 2001; 56: 579-587
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 42 Sevmis S, Boyvat F, Aytekin C et al. Arterial steal syndrome after orthotopic liver transplantation. Transpl Proc 2006; 38: 3651-3655
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 43 Uflacker R, Selby JB, Chavin K et al. Transcatheter splenic artery occlusion for treatment of splenic artery steal syndrome after orthotopic liver transplantation. Cardiovasc Interv Radiol 2002; 25: 300-306
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 44 Nishida S, Kadono J, DeFaria W et al. Gastroduodenal artery steal syndrome during liver transplantation: intraoperative diagnosis with Doppler ultrasound and management. Transpl Int 2005; 18: 350-353
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 45 Uslu N, Aslan H, Tore HG et al. Doppler ultrasonography findings of splenic arterial steal syndrome after liver transplant. Exp Clin Transpl 2012; 10: 363-367
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 46 Zhu XS, Gao YH, Wang SS et al. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound diagnosis of splenic artery steal syndrome after orthotopic liver transplantation. Liver Transpl 2012; 18: 966-971
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 47 Crossin JD, Muradali D, Wilson SR. US of liver transplants: normal and abnormal. Radiographics 2003; 23: 1093-1114
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 48 Caiado AHM, Blasbalg R, Marcelino ASZ et al. Complications of liver transplantation: multimodality imaging approach. Radiographics 2007; 27: 1401-1417
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 49 Chong WK, Beland JC, Weeks SM. Sonographic evaluation of venous obstruction in liver transplants. Am J Roentgenol 2007; 188: W515-W521
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 50 Horrow MM, Phares MA, Viswanadhan N et al. Vascular steal of the portal vein after orthotopic liver transplant: intraoperative sonographic diagnosis. J Ultrasound Med 2010; 29: 125-128
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 51 Gurusamy KS, Pamecha V, Davidson BR. Piggy-back graft for liver transplantation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011; CD008258
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 52 Nghiem HV, Tran K, Winter TC et al. Imaging of complications in liver transplantation. Radiographics 1996; 16: 825-840
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 53 Ko EY, Kim TK, Kim PN et al. Hepatic vein stenosis after living donor liver transplantation: evaluation with Doppler US. Radiology 2003; 229: 806-810
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 54 Jéquier S, Jéquier JC, Hanquinet S et al. Orthotopic liver transplants in children: change in hepatic venous Doppler wave pattern as an indicator of acute rejection. Radiology 2003; 226: 105-112
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 55 Fulcher AS, Turner MA. Orthotopic liver transplantation: evaluation with MR cholangiography. Radiology 1999; 211: 715-722
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 56 Albert J, Elsner J, Welker MW et al. Long-Term Follow Up After Endoscopic Therapy of Biliary Strictures Associated with Orthotopic Liver Transplantation. Hepatology 2010; 52: 860A-860A
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 57 Potthoff A, Hahn A, Kubicka S et al. Diagnostic value of ultrasound in detection of biliary tract complications after liver transplantation. Hepat mon 2013; 13: e6003
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 58 Quiroga S, Sebastià MC, Margarit C et al. Complications of orthotopic liver transplantation: spectrum of findings with helical CT. Radiographics 2001; 21: 1085-1102
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 59 Collett D, Mumford L, Banner NR et al. Comparison of the incidence of malignancy in recipients of different types of organ: a UK Registry audit. Am J Transplant 2010; 10: 1889-1896
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 60 Welker MW, Bechstein WO, Zeuzem S et al. Recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation – an emerging clinical challenge. Transpl Int 2013; 26: 109-118
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 61 Leitlinienprogramm Onkologie (Deutsche Krebsgesellschaft, Deutsche Krebshilfe, AWMF): Diagnostik und Therapie des hepatozellulären Karzinoms, Leitlinienreport 1.0, AWMF Registrierungsnummer: 032-053 OL. http://leitlinienprogramm-onkologie.de/Leitlinien.7
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 62 El-Masry M, Puig CA, Gilbert CP et al. Recurrence of non-viral liver disease after orthotopic liver transplantation. Liver Int 2011; 31: 291-302
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 63 Seyam M, Neuberger JM, Gunson BK et al. Cirrhosis after orthotopic liver transplantation in the absence of primary disease recurrence. Liver Transpl 2007; 13: 966-974
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 64 Gane EJ, Portmann BC, Naoumov NV et al. Long-term outcome of hepatitis C infection after liver transplantation. N Engl J Med 1996; 334: 815-820
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 65 Adebajo CO, Talwalkar JA, Poterucha JJ et al. Ultrasound-based transient elastography for the detection of hepatic fibrosis in patients with recurrent hepatitis C virus after liver transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Liver Transpl 2012; 18: 323-331
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 66 Rigamonti C, Fraquelli M, Bastiampillai AJ et al. Transient elastography identifies liver recipients with nonviral graft disease after transplantation: a guide for liver biopsy. Liver Transpl 2012; 18: 566-576
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar