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Endoscopy 2015; 47(11): 997-1004
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1392408
Original article
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Bleeding after endoscopic sphincterotomy or papillary balloon dilation among users of antithrombotic agents

Tsuyoshi Hamada
1   Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
,
Hideo Yasunaga
2   Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
,
Yousuke Nakai
1   Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
,
Hiroyuki Isayama
1   Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
,
Hiroki Matsui
2   Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
,
Hiromasa Horiguchi
3   Department of Clinical Data Management and Research, Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Headquarters, Tokyo, Japan
,
Kiyohide Fushimi
4   Department of Health Care Informatics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
,
Kazuhiko Koike
1   Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

submitted 17 December 2014

accepted after revision 29 April 2015

Publication Date:
30 June 2015 (online)

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Video Comment on Tsuyoshi Hamada et al.Endoscopy 2015; 47(11): v21-v21
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1393375

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Commentaire du travail de Hamada T et al., pp. 997Endoscopy 2015; 47(11): 1066-1066
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1393427

Background and study aims: Severe bleeding is a potentially lethal complication after endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) and endoscopic papillary balloon dilation (EPBD) for choledocholithiasis. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants on this complication.

Patients and methods: Patients who underwent EST and EPBD were identified in a Japanese nationwide administrative database covering 1090 hospitals. Adjusting for other potential risk factors, we evaluated the association between oral administration of antiplatelet agents and/or anticoagulants (continuation, discontinuation, and non-use) and clinically significant bleeding within 3 days of the procedure.

Results: In total, 61 002 patients were analyzed (EST, 54 493 patients; EPBD, 6509). The rate of severe bleeding was 0.8 % in both groups, but EPBD was performed more frequently than EST in patients with chronic renal failure, liver cirrhosis, and in those receiving antiplatelet agents or anticoagulants. The impact of continuation/discontinuation of antiplatelet agents on severe bleeding was not statistically significant in the EST or EPBD groups. The use of anticoagulants was associated with a statistically significant increase in severe bleeding compared with non-use for EST (1.6 % 27 of 1688 patients vs. 0.8 % 429 of 52 805 patients; adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.70; 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.10 – 2.63) and for EPBD (3.0 % [8 of 263 patients] vs. 0.7 % 46 of 6246 patients; adjusted OR 2.91; 95 %CI 1.36 – 6.24).

Conclusions: EST and EPBD can be safely performed in patients receiving antiplatelet agents. Users of anticoagulants are at high risk of bleeding, and the periprocedural management of these should be further investigated.

Appendix e1

 

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