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Journal of Pediatric Neurology 2018; 16(02): 039-055
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1604212
Review Article
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma: Review of Standard Imaging Evaluation and Typical Findings

Mary C. Rolfes
1   Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
,
Julie B. Guerin
2   Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
3   Division of Neuroradiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
,
Justin Brucker
4   Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Wisconsin, United States
,
Peter Kalina
2   Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
3   Division of Neuroradiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

01 March 2017

05 June 2017

Publication Date:
24 July 2017 (online)

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Abstract

Evaluation of abusive head trauma (AHT) in children is an ongoing diagnostic challenge, as there are currently no standard criteria or objective tests for differentiating AHT from accidental trauma. The use of neuroradiologic imaging has an increasingly important role in identifying AHT and often involves a combination of skull radiographs, computerized tomography (CT), and conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with diffusion-weighted imaging, susceptibility-weighted imaging, and occasionally magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Development of more advanced imaging techniques includes diffusion tensor imaging and arterial spin labeling. MRI may provide insight into different mechanisms of injury and long-term impacts of AHT. A better understanding of the available imaging modalities, typical findings, and their respective contribution to an accurate diagnosis can help guide physicians, other health care providers, as well as law enforcement in the evaluation of children with suspected AHT.

Keywords

abusive head trauma - traumatic brain injury - advanced imaging - neuroimaging
 

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