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Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere 2014; 42(04): 231-239
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1623769
Original Article
Schattauer GmbH

Feline lower urinary tract disease in a German cat population

A retrospective analysis of demographic data, causes and clinical signsErkrankungen der unteren Harnwege (FLUTD) in einer deutschen KatzenpopulationEine retrospektive Analyse demographischer Daten, der Ursachen sowie der klinischen Symptomatik
R. Dorsch
1   Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
,
C. Remer
1   Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
,
C. Sauter-Louis
2   Clinic for Ruminants with Ambulatory and Herd Health Services, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Germany
,
K. Hartmann
1   Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received: 25 October 2013

Accepted after revision: 12 March 2014

Publication Date:
08 January 2018 (online)

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Summary

Objective: To investigate epidemiologic data, clinical signs, results of urinalysis and causes of lower urinary tract disease in a German veterinary hospital population of cats and to determine if the demographic data, history, clinical signs and urinalysis results correlate with a particular etiology. Materials and methods: Cats presented with signs of feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) with a documented history and physical examination, a complete urinalysis (urine specific gravity, urine dipstick and sediment, urine culture) of urine obtained by cystocentesis or catheterization, and diagnostic imaging of the urinary tract were included into the study. Cats that had received a previous treatment during the same episode of FLUTD were excluded. Results: A total of 302 cats were included into the study. Cats with FLUTD presented throughout the seasons with similar frequency. The most common diagnosis was feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC) (55.0%), followed by bacterial urinary tract infection (UTI) (18.9%), urethral plug (10.3%) and urolithiasis (7.0%). Urethral obstruction was significantly more frequent in cats with FIC than in cats with UTI. Cats with FIC and urethral plugs were significantly younger and had significantly higher body weights than cats with UTI and neoplasia. FIC and urethral plugs were significantly more common causes of FLUTD in cats younger than 10 years compared to cats that were 10 years or older (65.2% versus [vs.] 35.8% and 13.3% vs. 3.0%), while the incidences of UTI and neoplasia increased with age (12.9% vs. 41.8% and 1.0% vs. 13.4%). Conclusion and clinical relevance: FIC and UTI are the most common diagnoses in cats with FLUTD, with a significant age-related difference in incidence.

Zusammenfassung

Gegenstand und Ziel: Untersuchung der epidemiologischen Daten und Haltungsbedingungen sowie der klinischen Symptome und Urinbefunde von Katzen mit einer Erkrankung der unteren Harnwege (feline lower urinary tract disease, FLUTD) in einer deutschen Klinikpopulation sowie die Überprüfung einer Korrelation dieser Daten mit bestimmten Ursachen von FLUTD. Material und Methode: Aufnahme in die Studie fanden Katzen, die in den Jahren 2000 bis 2007 mit Symptomen von FLUTD vorgestellt wurden und von denen Angaben zum Vorbericht und zur klinischen Untersuchung sowie Ergebnisse einer Urinanalyse (Teststreifen, Urinsediment, Urinkultur) aus Zystozenteseoder Katheterurin und einer röntgenologischen und/oder sonographischen Untersuchung des Harntrakts zur Verfügung standen. Ergebnisse: In die Auswertung gingen die Daten von 302 Katzen mit FLUTD ein. Die Patienten wurden zu allen Jahreszeiten mit gleicher Häufigkeit vorgestellt. Die häufigsten Ursachen von FLUTD waren eine idiopathische Zystitis (FIC) bei 55,0% der Katzen, bakterielle Harnwegsinfektionen (18,9%), urethrale Plugs (10,3%) und Harnsteine (7,0%). Eine Urethraobstruktion wurde signifikant häufiger bei Katzen mit FIC als bei Katzen mit bakteriellen Harnwegsinfektionen diagnostiziert. Katzen mit FIC und entzündungsbedingten urethralen Pfröpfen waren signifikant jünger und hatten ein signifikant höheres Körpergewicht als Katzen mit bakteriellen Harnwegsinfektionen und Harnblasentumoren. FIC und urethrale Plugs stellten bei Katzen unter 10 Jahren signifikant häufiger die Ursache von FLUTD dar als bei Patienten im Alter von 10 Jahren und älter (62,5% versus [vs.] 35,8% bzw. 13,3% vs. 3,0%). Umgekehrt stieg die Inzidenz bakterieller Harnwegsinfektionen und Neoplasien mit dem Alter der Tiere (12,9% vs. 41,8% and 1,0% vs. 13,4%). Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz: Idiopathische Zystitiden und bakterielle Harnwegsinfektionen sind die häufigsten Ursachen von FLUTD mit einer signifikanten altersabhängigen Inzidenz.

Key words

Bacterial cystitis - urethral obstruction - feline idiopathic cystitis - FLUTD

Schlüsselwörter

Bakterielle Zystitis - Urethraobstruktion - FLUTD - feline idiopathische Zystitis
 

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