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J Knee Surg 2023; 36(03): 269-273
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731736
Original Article

Early Infection Trends for Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A 5-Year Review

Nipun Sodhi
1   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, New York
,
Hiba K. Anis
2   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
,
Alexander J. Acuña
3   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
,
Peter Gold
1   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, New York
,
Luke Garbarino
1   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, New York
,
Carlos A. Higuera
2   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
,
Michael A. Mont
4   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Northwell Hospital Lenox Hill, New York City, New York
› Author Affiliations Funding None.
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to track the annual rates and trends of overall, deep, and superficial surgical site infections (SSIs) following total knee arthroplasty using the most recent results from a large and nationwide database. A total of 197,192 cases were performed between 2012 and 2016 from a nationwide database stratified into years and based on superficial and/or deep SSIs. Cohorts were analyzed individually and then combined to evaluate overall SSI rates. The infection incidence for each year was calculated. After a 6-year correlation and trends analysis, univariate analyses were performed to compare the most recent year, 2016, with each of the preceding 4 years. Overall, there was a downward trend in overall SSI rates over the study period (2012–2016, with the lowest rate occurring in the most recent year, 2016 [0.11%]). Additionally, there was a decreasing trend for superficial SSI, with the lowest superficial SSI incidence occurring in 2016 (0.47%) and the greatest incidence occurring in 2012 (0.53%). An overall trend of decreasing SSI rates was observed nationwide over the 5-year period evaluated. A similar decreasing trend was also noted specifically for deep SSI rates, which can be potentially more complicated to manage, and result in decreased implant survivorship. The down trending SSI rates observed give potential credence to the value for newer and developing SSI preventative therapies as well as improved medical and surgical patient management. Nevertheless, there is still room for improvement, and continued efforts are needed to further lower SSIs after total knee arthroplasty.

Keywords

total knee arthroplasty - surgical site infection - trends - deep infection - superficial infection


Publication History

Received: 11 February 2020

Accepted: 31 May 2021

Article published online:
14 July 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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