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Thromb Haemost 2022; 122(05): 842-852
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1735193
Atherosclerosis and Ischaemic Disease

Clopidogrel versus Ticagrelor in CYP2C19 Loss-of-Function Allele Noncarriers: A Real-World Study in China

Yunnan Zhang
1   Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
2   School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
,
Yi Zhang
1   Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
2   School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
,
Xiujin Shi
1   Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
,
Baidi Lin
1   Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
2   School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
,
Jialun Han
1   Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
2   School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
,
Yifan Wang
1   Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
2   School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
,
Jialin Yan
1   Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
2   School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
,
Wenxing Peng
1   Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
,
Wenzheng Li
3   Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
,
Ze Zheng
3   Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
,
Yang Lin
1   Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
2   School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
› Author Affiliations Funding This study is funded by the National Major Scientific and Technological Special Project for “Significant New Drugs Development” during the Thirteenth Five-year Plan Period (2017ZX09304017) and Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Clinical Medicine Development of Special Funding Support (ZYLX201805).
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Abstract

Objective This article compares the clinical outcomes of clopidogrel and ticagrelor in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) without cytochrome P450 (CYP)2C19 loss-of-function (LOF) alleles and investigates whether clopidogrel could be an alternative P2Y12 inhibitor without increasing the risk of ischemic events.

Methods Patients were divided into the clopidogrel-treated group and the ticagrelor-treated group. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) calculated by propensity scores was used to adjust confounding covariates. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) within 12 months. The secondary outcomes were MACCEs plus unstable angina, and clinically significant bleeding events.

Results Finally, 2,199 patients were included. Of them, 1,606 were treated with clopidogrel, and 593 were treated with ticagrelor. The mean age of the original cohort was 59.92 ± 9.81 years. During the 12-month follow-up period, MACCEs occurred in 89 patients (4.0%). No significant differences were observed in MACCEs (IPTW-adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.65–1.18), MACCEs plus unstable angina (IPTW-adjusted HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.91–1.59), or clinically significant bleeding events (IPTW-adjusted HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.53–1.23) between the clopidogrel- and ticagrelor-treated groups.

Conclusion In patients with ACS without CYP2C19 LOF alleles, clopidogrel was not associated with a higher risk of MACCEs when compared with ticagrelor. The main findings of this study support use of clopidogrel in CYP2C19 LOF noncarriers as an alternative P2Y12 inhibitor, which may reduce medical expenses and adverse reactions caused by more potent P2Y12 inhibitors in these patients.

Keywords

clopidogrel - ticagrelor - CYP2C19 - antiplatelet therapy - acute coronary syndrome

Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were approved by the ethics committee of Anzhen Hospital. All participants provided their written informed consent to participate in this study.


Availability of Data and Materials

The data underlying this article will be shared on reasonable request to the corresponding author.


Author Contributions

Y.-N.Z. and Y.Z. contributed equally to this work. (I) Conception and design: Y.L. (II) Administrative support: Y.L. (III) Determination of clinical events: W.-Z.L., Z.Z., W.-X.P. (IV) Collection and upload of data: Y.Z., Y.-N.Z., B.-D.L., J.-L.H., J.-L.Y., and Y.-F.W. (V) Data analysis and interpretation: Y.-N.Z., Y.Z., J.-L.H., and B.-D.L. (VI) Manuscript writing: Y.-N.Z., Y.Z., and W.-X.P.




Publication History

Received: 31 May 2021

Accepted: 18 July 2021

Article published online:
24 August 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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