Glutenfreie Ernährung – Update 2017

Zusammenfassung

Eine glutenfreie Ernährung ist seit 60 Jahren die einzige Therapieoption für Patienten mit Zöliakie oder Dermatitis herpetiformis zur Normalisierung der Beschwerden und Verhinderung von Komplikationen. Eine glutenfreie Ernährung erfreut sich jedoch in jüngster Zeit zunehmender Beliebtheit wegen vermuteter Effekte auf Wohlbefinden und Leistungsfähigkeit sowie zur Kontrolle des Körpergewichts.

In der vorliegenden Übersicht wird auf gesicherte Indikationen für eine glutenfreie Ernährung, auf die Notwendigkeit einer eingehenden Beratung und Schulung des Patienten, auf Probleme und Schwierigkeiten bei der Umsetzung einer glutenfreien Ernährung in den täglichen Alltag und auf mögliche Nebenwirkungen unter Langzeittherapie eingegangen. Neue Methoden zur Überprüfung der Adhärenz zu einer glutenfreien Ernährung werden erörtert, die ernährungsmedizinische Qualität etlicher lebensmitteltechnologisch hergestellter glutenfreier Nahrungsmittel wird kritisch diskutiert.

Abstract

Since sixty years, the gluten-free diet (GFD) is the only therapeutic option for patients with celiac disease or dermatitis herpetitormis to normalize symptoms and prevent complications. In recent years, the use of a gluten-free diet is rapidly growing because of presumed effects on well-being and control of body weight. GFD is becoming a popular health choice for everybody.

In the present review, evidence-based indications for a gluten-free diet are stressed, the need for profound dietary counselling and education of the patient is underlined, problems and pitfalls of the implementation of a gluten-free diet in daily practice and possible side effects of long-term gluten-free diets are mentioned. New methods to control adherence to a gluten-free diet and aspects of nutritional quality of commercial gluten-free products are discussed in detail.

Schlüsselwörter

Zöliakie - glutenfreie Ernährung - Beratung und Schulung - Nebenwirkungen einer glutenfreien Ernährung - ernährungsmedizinische Qualität kommerzieller glutenfreier Produkte

Key words

celiac disease - gluten-free diet - counselling and education - side effects of gluten-free diet - nutritional quality of gluten-free products

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