Number of Repetitions to Maximum in Hop Tests in Patients with Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury

Abstract

The unilateral horizontal, triple cross-over and vertical hops are commonly used as outcome measures after knee injury but there is little knowledge of the number of repetitions needed to reach maximum performance. Seventy subjects who had either an anterior cruciate ligament deficient or reconstructed knee participated in this study. Unilateral vertical, horizontal, and triple cross-over hop testing was applied to each leg until two consecutive decrements in performance occurred. The number of repetitions to reach maximum during these tests were calculated. Fifteen repetitions of the horizontal and vertical hops, and 10 repetitions of the triple-crossover hop enable distances to be achieved that are acceptably close to maximal levels in these knee-injured patients. In order to increase the likelihood of finding a patient's maximum hop performance after knee injury, more repetitions are suggested than has been reported in the literature.

Key words

Jumping - functional testing - rehabilitation

References

• 1 Ageberg E, Zatterstrom R, Friden T, Moritz U. Individual factors affecting stabilometry and one-leg hop test in 75 healthy subjects, aged 15 - 44 years.  Scan J Med Sci Sports. 2001;  11 47-53
• 2 Anderson M, Foreman T. Return to competition: functional rehabilitation. Zachazewski J, Magee D, Quillen W Athletic Injuries and Rehabilitation. Philadelphia, Ch; WB Saunders Company 1996; 13: 229-261
• 3 Augustsson J, Esko A, Thomee R, Svantesson U. Weight training of the thigh muscles using closed vs. open kinetic chain exercises: A comparison of performance enhancement.  JOSPT. 1998;  27 3-8
• 4 Borsa P A, Lephart S M, Irrgang J J. Comparison of performance-based and patient-reported measures of function in anterior-cruciate-ligament-deficient individuals.  JOSPT. 1998;  28 392-399
• 5 Brosky J A, Nitz A J, Malone T R, Caborn D NM, Rayens M K. Intrarater reliability of selected clinical outcome measures following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.  JOSPT. 1999;  29 39-48
• 6 Clark N C, Gumbrell C J, Rana S, Traole C M, Morrissey M C. Intratester reliability and measurement error of the adapted cross-over hop for distance.  Phys Ther Sport. 2002;  3 143-151
• 7 Clark N C. Functional performance testing following knee ligament injury.  Phys Ther Sport. 2001;  2 91-105
• 8 Hopper D M, Goh S C, Wentworth L A, Chan D YK, Chau J HW, Wootton G J, Strauss G R, Boyle J JW. Test retest reliability of knee rating scales and functional hop tests one year following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.  Phys Ther Sport. 2002;  3 10-18
• 9 Noyes F R, Mooar L A, Barber S D. The assessment of work-related activities and limitations in knee disorders.  Am J Sports Med. 1991;  19 178-188