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Sprache · Stimme · Gehör 2004; 28(4): 178-185
DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-835864
Originalarbeit
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Vergleich der Effektivität von artikulatorischer vs. phonologischer Therapie in der Behandlung kindlicher phonologischer Störungen: Eine Pilotstudie

Effectiveness of Articulatory vs. Phonological Therapy of Phonological Disorders in Children: A Pilot Study A. Teutsch1 , A. V. Fox1
  • 1Studiengang Lehr- und Forschungslogopädie an der RWTH Aachen (Prof. W. Huber)
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Publication History

Publication Date:
13 December 2004 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Nach Dodd (1995) lassen sich vier Unterformen der kindlichen Aussprachestörung unterscheiden. Anhand einer Reihe experimenteller Studien konnte für jede dieser vier Unterformen ein spezifisches kausales Defizit im Prozess der phonetisch-phonologischen Verarbeitung nachgewiesen werden (Dodd et al. 1989; Bradford & Dodd, 1994; Dodd & McCormack, 1995; Bradford & Dodd, 1996). Therapiestudien (z. B. Dodd & Bradford, 2000) haben darüber hinaus gezeigt, dass Therapie besonders dann erfolgreich ist, wenn sie auf das zugrundeliegende Defizit ausgerichtet ist. In Deutschland ist die traditionelle Artikulationstherapie nach wie vor das am weitesten verbreitete Verfahren in der Behandlung kindlicher Aussprachestörungen. Studien mit englischsprachigen Kindern (z. B. Dodd & Bradford, 2000) haben jedoch gezeigt, dass Kinder mit einer konsequenten phonologischen Störung nach Dodd (1995), deren Aussprachestörung wahrscheinlich auf ein kognitiv-linguistisches Defizit zurückzuführen ist, nur von einem phonologisch orientierten Ansatz profitieren, der die Restrukturierung des kindlichen phonologischen Systems zum Ziel hat. Ziel der vorliegenden vier Einzelfallstudien war, zu überprüfen, ob dies auch für deutschsprachige Kinder mit einer konsequenten phonologischen Störung gilt. Zwei Kinder (3;11 und 4;2 Jahre) erhielten 16 Einheiten phonologische Therapie, während zwei weitere Kinder (3;10 und 4;5 Jahre) 16 Stunden Artikulationstherapie erhielten. Anschließend wurden die Ergebnisse der vier Kinder einander gegenübergestellt. Sie können vorsichtig als Hinweis darauf gewertet werden, dass phonologische Therapie bei Kindern mit einer konsequenten phonologischen Störung im Hinblick auf die Aussprachemuster erfolgreicher ist als Artikulationstherapie.

Abstract

Dodd’s (1995) psycholinguistic classification system for speech disorders in children describes four different subgroups of speech disorders. A number of studies have shown that for each subgroup a specific underlying deficit in the speech processing chain can be described (Dodd et al. 1989; Bradford & Dodd, 1994; Dodd & McCormack, 1995; Bradford & Dodd, 1996). Further studies (e. g. Dodd & Bradford, 2000) have demonstrated how only intervention that focuses on the specific underlying deficit provides successful remediation of the problem. In Germany, ‘traditional articulation therapy’ is still the most widely used intervention method when working with children with any type of speech disorder. However, studies on English-speaking children have shown that children with a consistent phonological disorder (Dodd, 1995), who’s speech problems are suggested to arise from an underlying cognitive-linguistic deficit, benefit only from a phonologically oriented approach but not from a motor-based approach (e. g. Dodd & Bradford, 2000). The issue for the present four single case-studies was whether this also was true for German-speaking children diagnosed with a consistent phonological disorder. Two children (aged 3;11 and 4;2 years) received 16 sessions of phonological intervention, while two more children (aged 3;10 and 4;2 years) received an articulatory intervention for the same period of time. The results of these four single cases were compared. This comparison can cautiously be viewed as indicating that children treated with a phonological intervention program show better progress in terms of the percentage of consonants correct and the successful remediation of age-inappropriate or idiosyncratic phonological processes.

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