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Rofo 2006; 178(2): 155-164
DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-858648
Übersicht

© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Ultraschallkontrastmittel - Grundlagen und klinische Anwendung

Ultrasound Contrast Media - Principles and Clinical ApplicationsS. Delorme1 , M. Krix2 , T. Albrecht3
  • 1Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum Heidelberg
  • 2Bracco Altana Pharma GmbH
  • 3Klinik für Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin
Further Information

Publication History

eingereicht: 29.4.2005

angenommen: 21.7.2005

Publication Date:
04 October 2005 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Der vorliegende Artikel gibt eine Übersicht über die technischen Grundlagen und die Anwendungen der Kontrastmittelsonographie. Ultraschallkontrastmittel sind bei einer Vielzahl von Organen evaluiert worden. Vor allem in der Leber besitzen sie in der Hand des Geübten einen unbestrittenen Stellenwert. Im Nahbereich (z. B. Mamma, Lymphknoten) sind sie bislang weniger erprobt, da die apparativen Voraussetzungen bei hochfrequenten Schallsonden erst seit kurzem und bei wenigen Systemen erfüllt sind. Zudem sind mit Hilfe von Ultraschallkontrastmittel funktionelle Untersuchungen z. B. der Organ- oder Tumorperfusion möglich. Mathematische Modelle hierfür wurden v. a. zur Evaluation der Myokardperfusion entwickelt und inzwischen für die Anwendung bei Tumoren adaptiert. In Tierexperimenten sowie der klinischen Anwendung sind quantitative Parameter der Gewebeperfusion als Surrogatparameter zur Beurteilung des Verlaufs unter Strahlentherapie oder Behandlung mit zytotoxischen oder antiangiogenen Substanzen evaluiert worden.

Abstract

This article reviews the technical basics and the application of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. Ultrasound contrast agents have been evaluated in various organs and have proven to be particularly useful in the detection and characterization of liver lesions. Experiences in small parts (such as breast, or lymph nodes) are so far limited, because only since recently are the technical prerequisites available for contrast-enhanced ultrasound high-frequency transducers. Ultrasound contrast media can be used for functional studies, e. g., of organ or tumor perfusion. Mathematical models were primarily developed for measuring myocardial perfusion and have recently been adapted for studying tumors. In animal experiments as well as in clinical applications, quantitative parameters of tumor perfusion have been evaluated as surrogate parameters for response to radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or treatment with anti-angiogenic agents.

Key words

Contrast agents - physics - ultrasound - abdomen

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PD Dr. Stefan Delorme

Abt. Radiologie, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum Heidelberg

Im Neuenheimer Feld 280

69120 Heidelberg

Phone: ++ 49/62 21/42 24 61

Fax: ++ 49/62 21/42 24 62

Email: s.delorme@dkfz.de

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