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Anästhesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 2006; 41(3): 140-149
DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-925109
Übersicht
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Kohlenmonoxid: toxisches Molekül mit antiinflammatorischen und zytoprotektiven Eigenschaften

Carbon Monoxide: Toxic Molecule with Antiinflammatory and Cytoprotective PropertiesP.  Schober1 , A.  Koch1 , K.  Zacharowski1 , S.  A.  Loer1
  • 1Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf
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Publication History

Publication Date:
23 March 2006 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Kohlenmonoxid entsteht bei inkompletter Verbrennung organischer Materie, wird über die Lungen in den Kreislauf aufgenommen und verdrängt dort Sauerstoff aus der Hämoglobinbindung. Dosisabhängig treten Intoxikationserscheinungen wie Kopfschmerzen, Schwindelgefühl, Übelkeit, Krampfanfälle und Koma auf. Kohlenmonoxid wird aber auch endogen im Rahmen des Hämabbaus gebildet, eine Reaktion, die durch die Hämoxygenase katalysiert wird. Das Isoenzym Hämoxygenase-1 wird durch oxidativen Stress induziert und vermittelt zytoprotektive Mechanismen, die in erster Linie dem gebildeten Kohlenmonoxid zugeschrieben werden. Exogen zugeführtes Kohlenmonoxid zeigte in tierexperimentellen Studien ebenfalls protektive Wirkungen. Neben seinen toxischen Eigenschaften sind daher mittlerweile auch potenziell antiinflammatorische und zytoprotektive Wirkungen von Kohlenmonoxid in den Mittelpunkt des wissenschaftlichen Interesses gerückt.

Abstract

Carbon monoxide arises during incomplete combustion of organic material, is incorporated into the circulation via the lungs and displaces oxygen from hemoglobin. Consecutively, symptoms of intoxication such as headache, vertigo, nausea, seizures and coma may result in a dose dependent fashion. Carbon monoxide is however also generated endogenously during heme degradation catalysed by heme oxgenase enzymes. The isoform hemeoxygenase-1 is inducible by oxidative stress and may mediate cytoprotection mainly attributable to endogenously produced carbon monoxide. Exogenous applied carbon monoxide has also been shown to confer protection in experimental studies. Meanwhile, in addition to the toxicological properties, antiinflammatory and cytoprotective effects of carbon monoxide have moved into the focus of scientific interest.

Schlüsselwörter

Inflammation - Hämoxygenase - Intoxikation - Zytoprotektion

Key words

Inflammation - heme oxygenase - intoxication - cytoprotection

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Prof. Dr. Stephan A. Loer, M. D., M. Sc.

Klinik für Anästhesiologie

Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf · Moorenstraße 5 · 40225 Düsseldorf

Email: loer@med.uni-duesseldorf.de

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