Die Rolle der n-3-Fettsäuren im Immunsystem, in der frühkindlichen Ernährung und Schwangerschaft

Zusammenfassung

Die Bedeutung der n-3-Fettsäuren (Omega-3-Fettsäuren) auf das Immunsystem und auf die Entstehung von Inselautoimmunität und Typ-1-Diabetes wird immer mehr im Human- und Tiermodell erforscht. Dabei wird eine Beeinflussung der Eicosanoidsynthese und Zytokin- und Lymphozytenfunktion durch die n-3-Fettsäuren in Betracht gezogen. Außerdem wird eine Fischölsupplementierung während der Schwangerschaft im Bezug auf eine verlängerte Schwangerschaftsdauer und einem erhöhten Geburtsgewicht als positiv bewertet. Weiterhin zeigten Studien, dass gestillte Kinder bzw. Flaschenkinder, die eine mit n-3-Fettsäuren supplementierte Formulanahrungen erhalten hatten, eine bessere kognitive und motorische Entwicklung sowie eine bessere Sehfähigkeit besitzen.

Abstract

The importance of n-3 fatty acids in the immune system and the development of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes has been the focus of research in the last years. Thereby the influence of the eicosanoid synthesis and the cytokin- and lymphocyte function is especially taken into account. Furthermore it was shown that the consumption of fish oil during pregnancy is prolonging pregnancy duration and is increasing birth weight. Moreover it is reported that breastfed infants and infants fed n-3 supplemented formulas had a better cognitive behavior and visual acuity.

Schlüsselwörter

n-3-Fettsäuren - Typ-1-Diabetes - Immunsystem - frühkindliche Entwicklung - Schwangerschaftsdauer

Key words

n-3 fatty acids - type 1 diabetes - immune system - early infant development - pregnancy duration

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