Kinderheilkunde: Untersuchungsanlässe und Krankheitsbilder

Zusammenfassung

Aus einer repräsentativen Stichprobe des kinderophthalmologischen Patientenguts eines Zwölfjahreszeitraums werden die Überweisungsdiagnosen und Untersuchungsanlässe, sowie die vorkommenden Krankheitsbilder selbst analysiert. Wichtige Untersuchungsanlässe waren Augenerkrankungen im engeren Sinne, an der Spitze Strabismus und Refraktionsfehler, sowie zahlreiche kinderärztliche, insbesondere neuropädiatrische Allgemeinerkrankungen. Im kinderophthalmologischen Krankengut überwogen zwar die erworbenen Augen- und Allgemeinkrankheiten die angeborenen Augen- und Allgemeinkrankheiten, dennoch stellen letztere eine große Gruppe dar. Auffällig ist weiterhin der hohe Anteil von verletzungsbedingten Augenkrankheiten.

Summary

A representative sample of 800 patients was taken from 15000 children treated between 1972 and 1984 in the Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology of Frankfurt University Eye Hospital. Their charts were reviewed to answer two questions: what are the most frequent reasons for ophthalmological examination in children under 15 years old and what are the most frequent diagnoses? Ophthalmological examinations were most frequently scheduled because of strabismus, errors of refraction and trauma or inflammination of the anterior segment, though also in a large number of cases because of general diseases, most often neurologic diseases such as epilepsy or elevated intracerebral pressure. The diseases diagnosed ophthalmologically were classified as congenital or acquired eye diseases and congenital or acquired general diseases with ocular symptoms. The most frequent are indicated in the text. Acquired diseases were more frequent than congenital diseases, though this group proved to be much larger in pediatric patients than in adult patients.